低重力对人体有哪些长期影响？
What are the long-term effects of low gravity on the body?
微重力导致骨钙流失、肌肉萎缩、体液上移和视力变化；长期月球（0.17g）或火星（0.38g）任务需要锻炼设备和人工重力等对抗措施。
Microgravity causes bone-calcium loss, muscle atrophy, fluid shifts upward and vision changes; long lunar (0.17g) or Mars (0.38g) missions need exercise gear and maybe artificial gravity to counter this.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：本题原挂出处与答案内容不符，已撤回；具体书目待补，暂不展示来源。
本题原挂出处与答案内容不符，已撤回；具体书目待补。
Previous citation withdrawn as unsupported for this answer; a specific source is pending.
#低重力 #骨流失 #人工重力
太空辐射为何对宇航员危险？
Why is space radiation dangerous to astronauts?
地球磁场外有银河宇宙射线和太阳粒子事件，能损伤DNA、增加癌症风险；深空任务需用水、聚合物或磁场屏蔽加以防护。
Beyond Earth's magnetic field, galactic cosmic rays and solar particle events can damage DNA and raise cancer risk; deep-space missions need shielding with water, polymers or magnetic fields.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-04
来源 · Source
Francis A. Cucinotta, Myung‐Hee Y. Kim, Lei Ren,《Evaluating shielding effectiveness for reducing space radiation cancer risks》,Radiation Measurements,2006 (DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.03.011)
Francis A. Cucinotta, Myung‐Hee Y. Kim, Lei Ren, 'Evaluating shielding effectiveness for reducing space radiation cancer risks', Radiation Measurements, 2006, DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.03.011
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 OpenAlex DOI 10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.03.011
#太空辐射 #DNA #屏蔽
什么是闭环生命保障系统？
What is a closed-loop life support system?
闭环系统回收并再生水、氧气和食物（如用植物和微生物处理废水与二氧化碳），尽量减少从地球补给，是长期太空驻留和火星任务的必备。
A closed-loop system recovers and regenerates water, oxygen and food (using plants and microbes to process waste and CO2), minimizing resupply from Earth—essential for long stays and Mars missions.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-04
来源 · Source
Jain, Bandyopadhyay,《Intelligent Integration of Moxie and Bio Regenerative Life Support System for Closed-Loop Habitat Sustainability on Mars》,Space Bioastronautics, Space Medicine, Life Support Systems,2025 (DOI: 10.52202/080556-0011)
Jain, Bandyopadhyay, 'Intelligent Integration of Moxie and Bio Regenerative Life Support System for Closed-Loop Habitat Sustainability on Mars', Space Bioastronautics, Space Medicine, Life Support Systems, 2025, DOI: 10.52202/080556-0011
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 Crossref DOI 10.52202/080556-0011
#闭环生命保障 #水循环 #再生
宇航员在太空中如何获得水与氧气？
How do astronauts get water and oxygen in space?
国际空间站的氧气由电解水产生，水则来自回收的汗水、尿液和冷凝水，经多重过滤净化后循环使用，回收率超过90%。
The ISS makes oxygen by electrolyzing water, and its water comes from recycled sweat, urine and condensate, purified through multiple filters and reused—over 90% recovered.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-04
来源 · Source
Bagdigian, Cloud, Bedard,《Status of the Regenerative ECLSS Water Recovery and Oxygen Generation Systems》,SAE Technical Paper Series,2006 (DOI: 10.4271/2006-01-2057)
Bagdigian, Cloud, Bedard, 'Status of the Regenerative ECLSS Water Recovery and Oxygen Generation Systems', SAE Technical Paper Series, 2006, DOI: 10.4271/2006-01-2057
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 Crossref DOI 10.4271/2006-01-2057
#水回收 #电解 #再生生命保障