酶为什么能加速化学反应？
Why can enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
酶是生物催化剂，能降低反应所需的活化能，使反应在温和条件下快速进行。它们通过活性位点与底物特异性结合，并可在反应后重复使用。温度或pH偏离最适值会使酶失活。
Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower the activation energy a reaction needs, letting it proceed quickly under mild conditions. They bind substrates specifically at their active sites and can be reused after the reaction. Temperatures or pH far from the optimum can inactivate them.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Alberts 等,《Molecular Biology of the Cell》第6版,Garland Science,2014
B. Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th ed., Garland Science, 2014
#酶 #催化 #活化能
ATP是什么？
What is ATP?
ATP即三磷酸腺苷，是细胞内通用的能量货币。当它的高能磷酸键断裂时释放能量，驱动肌肉收缩、合成等各种生命活动。细胞通过呼吸和光合作用不断再生ATP。
ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the cell's universal energy currency. When its high-energy phosphate bonds break, energy is released to power activities like muscle contraction and synthesis. Cells continuously regenerate ATP through respiration and photosynthesis.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Alberts 等,《Molecular Biology of the Cell》第6版,Garland Science,2014
B. Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th ed., Garland Science, 2014
#ATP #能量 #细胞
蛋白质对身体有什么用？
What do proteins do for the body?
蛋白质是构成肌肉、皮肤和酶的重要材料，几乎参与所有生命活动。它们由氨基酸按基因指令串连折叠而成。人体需要不断从食物中获取蛋白质来修复和生长。
Proteins are key building materials for muscle, skin, and enzymes and take part in nearly every life process. They are made by linking and folding amino acids according to genetic instructions. The body needs a steady supply of protein from food for repair and growth.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Alberts 等,《Molecular Biology of the Cell》第6版,Garland Science,2014
B. Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th ed., Garland Science, 2014
#蛋白质 #氨基酸 #营养