中国西南山地为何能成为“生物多样性热点”，集中了那么多中国特有物种？
Why are Southwest China's mountains a biodiversity hotspot packed with endemic species?
这里地处喜马拉雅抬升带，山脉纵横、海拔落差巨大，形成无数孤立又多样的生境“孤岛”；加上地处热带—温带过渡、受季风影响，物种在此分化并长期隔离演化，催生大量特有种，如大熊猫、珙桐、报春。
The region sits along the Himalayan uplift with deep gorges and huge elevation gradients, creating isolated yet diverse habitat “islands”. Its tropical–temperate transition and monsoon climate let species diverge and evolve in long isolation, spawning many endemics like the panda, dove tree and primroses.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Odum & Barrett,《Fundamentals of Ecology》第5版,Brooks/Cole,2004
E. P. Odum and G. W. Barrett, Fundamentals of Ecology, 5th ed., Brooks/Cole, 2004
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL3334843W：Fundamentals of ecology
#生物多样性 #特有种 #横断山
为什么说当前可能正处于第六次大灭绝？
Why is it said we may be in a sixth mass extinction?
化石记录显示前五次大灭绝由自然灾变造成，而当前物种灭绝速率高出背景值数十到数百倍，主因是人类活动导致的栖息地破坏、气候变化和过度开发。
The fossil record shows five prior mass extinctions from natural catastrophes, yet current extinction rates exceed background levels by tens to hundreds of times, driven mainly by habitat loss, climate change and overexploitation from human activity.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
E. O. Wilson,《The Diversity of Life》Harvard University Press,1992
E. O. Wilson, The Diversity of Life, Harvard University Press, 1992
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL1378177W：The Diversity of Life（按
#大灭绝 #生物多样性 #人类活动
物种丰富度和物种均匀度衡量多样性的角度有何不同？
How do species richness and evenness differ as measures of diversity?
丰富度只数群落中有多少物种，均匀度描述各物种个体数分配是否均衡；两者都高时多样性才真正高，仅丰富度高而某物种垄断仍算脆弱。
Richness merely counts how many species are present, while evenness describes how evenly individuals are distributed among them; true high diversity needs both, since high richness with one dominant species remains fragile.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-02
来源 · Source
《生物多样性》教材
Biodiversity (Gaston)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 9787513332804（豆瓣书目条目: 生物多样性）
#物种丰富度 #均匀度 #多样性
生物多样性热点地区是按什么标准划定的？
By what criteria are biodiversity hotspots designated?
热点地区须同时满足植被丧失至少百分之七十、且拥有至少一千五百种特有维管植物，旨在用有限资源优先保护物种最丰富又最受威胁的区域。
A hotspot must have lost at least 70% of its original vegetation and harbor at least 1,500 endemic vascular plant species, targeting conservation funds to the richest yet most threatened regions.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
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Conservation International
Conservation International
#热点 #特有种 #保护