蛋白质结构预测（如 AlphaFold）为什么被称为里程碑？
Why is protein structure prediction such as AlphaFold called a milestone?
从氨基酸序列直接预测三维结构长期是难题，深度学习已能以接近实验的精度给出结构，极大加速了药物和功能研究。
Predicting 3D structure from sequence was long unsolved; deep learning now achieves near-experimental accuracy, accelerating drug and function studies.
难度 专业 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-04
来源 · Source
Jumper, Evans, Pritzel, Green,《Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold》,Nature,2021 (DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2)
Jumper, Evans, Pritzel, Green, 'Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold', Nature, 2021, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 Crossref DOI 10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2
#AlphaFold #结构预测
宏基因组组装中的分箱（binning）是在做什么？
What does binning do in metagenome assembly?
面对混合样本里大量碎片化的 DNA，分箱按序列组成和覆盖度把片段归到各自的微生物基因组，重建无需培养的单菌基因组。
Binning groups fragments by composition and coverage to reconstruct individual genome bins without culturing each microbe.
难度 专业 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：本题原挂出处与答案内容不符，已撤回；具体书目待补，暂不展示来源。
本题原挂出处与答案内容不符，已撤回；具体书目待补。
Previous citation withdrawn as unsupported for this answer; a specific source is pending.
#分箱 #宏基因组组装
比较基因组学如何帮助发现新基因的功能？
How does comparative genomics help discover gene functions?
跨物种比对保守序列，能在亲缘关系远的生物间找出功能相似的基因，并定位非编码的调控区域。
Cross-species comparison flags conserved sequences that hint at function and pinpoints regulatory non-coding regions.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Urry 等,《Campbell Biology》第11版,Pearson,2017
L. A. Urry et al., Campbell Biology, 11th ed., Pearson, 2017
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 978-0-13-409341-3 (11th ed., Pearson)
#比较基因组 #保守序列
什么是系统生物学，它和传统拆零件的思路有何不同？
What is systems biology and how does it differ from the traditional reductionist approach?
还原论研究单个零件，系统生物学则用模型把基因、蛋白和代谢网络整体建模，以理解涌现出的整体行为。
Reductionism studies parts alone; systems biology models gene-protein-metabolite networks as a whole to understand emergent behavior.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Urry 等,《Campbell Biology》第11版,Pearson,2017
L. A. Urry et al., Campbell Biology, 11th ed., Pearson, 2017
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 978-0-13-409341-3 (11th ed., Pearson)
#系统生物学 #网络模型
什么是系统发育树，它是怎样画出来的？
What is a phylogenetic tree and how is it built?
系统发育树用 DNA 或蛋白序列的相似程度推断物种亲缘关系，分支越靠近代表共同祖先越近。
It infers relatedness from sequence similarity, with closer branches indicating more recent common ancestors.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Urry 等,《Campbell Biology》第11版,Pearson,2017
L. A. Urry et al., Campbell Biology, 11th ed., Pearson, 2017
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 978-0-13-409341-3 (11th ed., Pearson)
#系统发育树 #亲缘关系