parasitism Biology

5 个科学问题 · 生物 Biology

本页目录

弓形虫是怎样操纵宿主行为的？

How does Toxoplasma gondii manipulate host behavior?

它能在啮齿动物脑中形成囊肿并改变神经递质，降低其对猫气味的恐惧，从而增加被猫吃掉、完成生命周期的概率。
It forms brain cysts that alter neurotransmitters, reducing rodents' fear of cat odor to complete its life cycle by being eaten.
难度 进阶 · 适合 高中(15-18) CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source

Ed Yong,《I Contain Multitudes》Ecco/HarperCollins,2016;中译《我包罗万象》(郑李译),后浪丨北京联合出版公司,2019

Ed Yong, I Contain Multitudes, Ecco/HarperCollins, 2016; Chinese ed. (Zheng Li tr.), Beijing United Publishing (Houlang), 2019

#弓形虫 #行为操纵

寄生蜂是怎样控制宿主发育的？

How do parasitoid wasps control host development?

雌蜂把卵产进毛虫体内，孵化的幼虫取食宿主组织并释放调控因子抑制其免疫与变态，最终破体而出。
They lay eggs inside caterpillars; larvae consume host tissue while suppressing its immunity and metamorphosis, then burst out.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15) CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source

Ed Yong,《I Contain Multitudes》Ecco/HarperCollins,2016;中译《我包罗万象》(郑李译),后浪丨北京联合出版公司,2019

Ed Yong, I Contain Multitudes, Ecco/HarperCollins, 2016; Chinese ed. (Zheng Li tr.), Beijing United Publishing (Houlang), 2019

#寄生蜂 #宿主操控

为什么疟原虫对人类的威胁至今仍在？

Why does Plasmodium remain a major threat to humans?

它生命周期复杂、容易对药物产生抗药性，传播媒介蚊子又难以根除，加上疫苗保护有限。
Its complex life cycle, drug resistance, persistent mosquito vectors, and limited vaccine coverage sustain the threat.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众 CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source

Ed Yong,《I Contain Multitudes》Ecco/HarperCollins,2016;中译《我包罗万象》(郑李译),后浪丨北京联合出版公司,2019

Ed Yong, I Contain Multitudes, Ecco/HarperCollins, 2016; Chinese ed. (Zheng Li tr.), Beijing United Publishing (Houlang), 2019

#疟原虫 #抗药性

菟丝子全身黄黄的、没叶子也没根，它靠什么活下来、还缠死别的植物？

Dodder is yellowish with no leaves or roots—what keeps it alive, and why does it choke other plants?

菟丝子是寄生植物：它用吸器刺入寄主茎秆，直接偷取水分和养分，自己几乎不光合。寄主被不断“抽血”而衰弱，所以田间见到要赶紧清除。
Dodder is a parasite: its haustoria pierce the host stem and steal water and nutrients directly, doing almost no photosynthesis itself. The drained host weakens—why farmers remove it fast.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众 CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source

Ed Yong,《I Contain Multitudes》Ecco/HarperCollins,2016;中译《我包罗万象》(郑李译),后浪丨北京联合出版公司,2019

Ed Yong, I Contain Multitudes, Ecco/HarperCollins, 2016; Chinese ed. (Zheng Li tr.), Beijing United Publishing (Houlang), 2019

#菟丝子 #寄生 #吸器

寄生和捕食有什么本质区别？

What is the essential difference between parasitism and predation?

寄生通常长期依附并缓慢取食同一宿主，不立即杀死它；捕食则快速杀死并吃掉猎物。
Parasites feed slowly from a living host without immediately killing it, whereas predators kill and consume prey quickly.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众 CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source

Ed Yong,《I Contain Multitudes》Ecco/HarperCollins,2016;中译《我包罗万象》(郑李译),后浪丨北京联合出版公司,2019

Ed Yong, I Contain Multitudes, Ecco/HarperCollins, 2016; Chinese ed. (Zheng Li tr.), Beijing United Publishing (Houlang), 2019

#寄生 #捕食