为什么氟是最活泼的非金属?
Why is fluorine the most reactive nonmetal?
氟的电负性最高(鲍林标度 4.0),因为它的原子半径小、有效核电荷高,把成键电子拉向自己。真正让它「一点就着」的还有第二件事:F–F 单键只有约 159 kJ/mol,明显弱于 Cl–Cl 的约 242 kJ/mol——两个氟原子上的孤对电子互相排斥,键反而不牢。断键便宜、成键时释放的能量又极大(生成的 F⁻ 水合能与晶格能都很高),两条合力使氟几乎能与所有元素反应,连稀有气体也能被逼出氟化物。
Fluorine has the highest electronegativity on the Pauling scale (4.0) because its small radius and high effective nuclear charge pull bonding electrons toward it. What makes it 'ignite on contact' is a second fact: the F-F single bond is only about 159 kJ/mol, clearly weaker than Cl-Cl at about 242 kJ/mol, because the lone pairs on the two fluorine atoms repel each other. Breaking the bond is cheap, and forming new bonds releases a lot (the hydration and lattice energies of F- are very high). Together these let fluorine react with nearly every element, and even force compounds out of the noble gases.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
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大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#氟 #电负性 #活泼
为什么寒冬里的锡器会自己变成灰色粉末?
Why do tin objects turn to gray powder in severe cold?
低于约13°C,白锡会缓慢转变为灰锡(粉末),这是一种同素异形体转变,史称锡疫,曾被认为毁了拿破仑军的锡纽扣。
Below ~13 C white tin slowly converts to gray tin (powder), an allotrope transition called tin pest; legend blames it for Napoleon's tin buttons.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#锡疫 #同素异形体 #低温
镧系收缩对后续元素有什么影响?
What effect does the lanthanide contraction have on later elements?
镧系元素填充 4f 电子,屏蔽差使有效核电荷持续增大,原子/离子半径从 La 到 Lu 逐渐缩小。这导致同族的 4d 与 5d 元素(如 Zr/Hf、Nb/Ta)半径相近、性质极相似,难以分离。
Filling 4f in lanthanides poorly shields, so effective nuclear charge rises and radii shrink from La to Lu. This makes 4d and 5d congener pairs (e.g., Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta) nearly identical in size and chemistry, making them hard to separate.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#镧系收缩 #半径 #相似性
第二周期元素为何表现出反常性质(如反常的小原子、无 d 轨道)?
Why do second-period elements show anomalous properties (e.g., unusually small size, no d orbitals)?
第二周期只有 2s、2p 价轨道,无可用 d 轨道且原子半径很小,导致最大配位数受限(通常 4)、形成强 pπ-pπ 多重键(如 N≡N、O=O),而第三周期同族元素可超价并偏好单键网络结构。
The second period has only 2s and 2p valence orbitals—no d orbitals and very small radius—so maximum coordination is limited (usually 4) and strong pπ-pπ multiple bonds form (N≡N, O=O), whereas third-period congeners can hypervalent and prefer single-bond networks.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#第二周期 #反常 #多重键
为什么惰性气体也能形成化合物?
Why can noble gases form compounds?
1962年Bartlett让氙与强氧化剂六氟化铂(PtF6)反应,生成了氙—铂氟化物固体盐类化合物,证明重稀有气体并非绝对惰性;随后XeF2、XeF4等氙氟化物相继被合成;氙还用于强光灯和麻醉。
In 1962 Bartlett reacted xenon with the strong oxidant platinum hexafluoride (PtF6), forming a solid xenon-platinum fluoride salt compound, showing heavy noble gases aren't absolutely inert; XeF2, XeF4 and other xenon fluorides were synthesized soon after; xenon is also used in bright lamps and anesthesia.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#氙 #稀有气体 #化合物
门捷列夫凭什么能在19世纪就预言出当时还不存在的元素?
How could Mendeleev predict elements that had not even been discovered in the 19th century?
1869年门捷列夫把已知元素按原子量排列,发现化学性质呈周期性重复,于是制成周期表。他大胆地在表中留下空位,并根据上下左右相邻元素的规律推算出这些未知元素的原子量和性质,预言了类铝、类硼、类硅等元素。十几年后镓、钪、锗被相继发现,性质与他预言的惊人吻合,周期表因此被公认为化学的基本定律。他还纠正了铍、铟等元素的原子量,因为只有依据性质的周期规律才能得到正确的排序。
In 1869 Mendeleev arranged the known elements by atomic weight and saw that chemical properties repeat periodically, so he built the periodic table. Boldly, he left gaps and used the trends along rows and columns to predict the atomic weights and properties of the missing elements - eka-aluminium, eka-boron, eka-silicon and so on. When gallium, scandium and germanium were found over the following years with properties matching his predictions almost exactly, the table was accepted as a fundamental law of chemistry. He also corrected the atomic weights of elements like beryllium and indium, because only the periodic pattern of properties gives the true ordering.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#门捷列夫 #元素周期表 #预言
为什么溴是常温常压下唯一的液态非金属?
Why is bromine the only liquid nonmetal at room conditions?
溴分子间作用力恰使其熔点为-7°C、沸点59°C,室温下为红棕色易挥发的液体,且有毒腐蚀。
Bromine's intermolecular forces give m.p. -7 C and b.p. 59 C, so it's a reddish-brown volatile liquid at room temperature—the only liquid nonmetal—and corrosive.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#溴 #液态非金属 #卤素
为什么古代炼丹求长生却常中毒?
Why did ancient alchemists seeking immortality often get poisoned?
炼丹以丹砂(硫化汞)等加热炼还丹,古人误作不死药;但汞、铅剧毒,长期服用反而伤身早逝。
Alchemists heated cinnabar (HgS) seeking an elixir of immortality, not knowing mercury and lead are deadly; chronic poisoning shortened lives.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#炼丹 #汞 #重金属
高炉炼铁为什么用焦炭,石灰石又起什么作用?
Why does a blast furnace use coke, and what does limestone do?
焦炭既作还原剂把氧化铁还原成铁,又作燃料提供高温;石灰石受热分解成氧化钙,与矿石里的二氧化硅造渣除去脉石。
Coke both reduces iron oxide to iron and fuels the heat; limestone decomposes to CaO, which forms slag with silica gangue and removes it.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#高炉 #焦炭 #石灰石
为什么1克金能拉成几公里长的金丝?
Why can 1 gram of gold be drawn into kilometers of wire?
金的金属键使其极富延展性,原子层可滑动而不破,1克金可锤成极薄金箔或拉成很长金丝。
Gold's metallic bonding makes it extremely ductile; atomic layers slide without breaking, so 1 g can be drawn into kilometers of wire or beaten into thin foil.
难度 进阶 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#金 #延展性 #金属键
重水(D₂O)和普通水有什么不同?
How does heavy water (D₂O) differ from normal water?
氘多一个中子,使 D₂O 的密度、熔点、沸点略高,并显著改变生化反应速率;大量饮用有害。
Deuterium adds a neutron, making D₂O slightly denser with higher melting/boiling points and altering biochemical rates; large amounts are harmful.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#重水 #氘 #同位素
为什么稀土元素被称为工业味精?
Why are the rare-earth elements called the vitamins of industry?
稀土包括镧系15种元素以及钪、钇,它们的用量通常很少,但添加后能显著改善材料性能:钕可用于制造超强的钕铁硼永磁体,镧用于光学玻璃和催化裂化催化剂,铈用在抛光粉和储氢合金中。像味精做菜一样少加一点、效果明显,所以被称为工业味精。全球稀土的开采与冶炼很大一部分集中在中国,在高新技术产业中地位重要。
The rare earths are the 15 lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium. They are usually added in tiny amounts yet dramatically improve material performance: neodymium makes super-strong NdFeB permanent magnets, lanthanum goes into optical glass and cracking catalysts, and cerium is used in polishing powder and hydrogen-storage alloys. Like seasoning, where a little goes a long way, they are nicknamed the vitamins of industry. Much of the world's rare-earth mining and refining takes place in China, giving them strategic weight in high-tech manufacturing.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#稀土 #应用 #工业味精
为什么碳能形成那么多化合物?
Why does carbon form so many compounds?
碳原子能相互连成长短不一的链和环,且可四价成键。
Carbon atoms link into chains and rings and form four bonds, enabling huge variety.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#碳 #四价 #成链
有效核电荷 Z_eff 如何解释周期趋势?
How does effective nuclear charge Z_eff explain periodic trends?
Z_eff = Z − S,即核电荷减去内层电子屏蔽。同周期 Z_eff 增大使原子半径缩小、电离能升高;同族虽 Z 增大但屏蔽也增,Z_eff 变化小,半径主要受电子层数控制。
Z_eff = Z − S, the nuclear charge minus shielding by inner electrons. Across a period Z_eff rises, shrinking radius and raising ionization energy; down a group Z grows but shielding grows too, so Z_eff changes little and shell count dominates radius.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#有效核电荷 #屏蔽 #趋势
第一电离能为什么在第二周期出现“反常”波动?
Why does first ionization energy show 'anomalous' wiggles in the second period?
总体向右增大,但 Be(2s² 全满)比 B(失去一个 2p 电子)更难电离,N(2p³ 半满)比 O(2p⁴ 有成对电子排斥)更难电离,导致局部下降。这些“反常”源于亚层稳定性与电子排斥。
It generally rises rightward, but Be (filled 2s²) is harder to ionize than B (loses a 2p electron), and N (half-filled 2p³) harder than O (2p⁴ with paired-electron repulsion), causing local dips. These 'anomalies' arise from subshell stability and electron repulsion.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#电离能 #电子排布 #稳定性
元素周期表里的元素还能增加吗?科学家是怎么造出新元素的?
Can the periodic table still grow? How do scientists create brand-new elements?
能,但越来越难。用加速器把一种原子的原子核轰进另一种重核,极偶尔会融合成超重新元素——119号及以后的尝试正在各国实验室进行。新元素的原子往往只能存在几毫秒就衰变,确认它要靠检测衰变链。目前周期表收录118号,其中95号之后的元素几乎全是人工合成,地球自然界的存量趋近于零。
Yes, yet harder each step. Accelerators smash one nucleus into another heavy nucleus; very rarely they fuse into a superheavy element — teams now hunt 119 and beyond. New atoms often live milliseconds, confirmed only via decay chains. The table lists 118 today; everything past 95 is essentially human-made with near-zero natural presence on Earth.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-03 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
《十万个为什么》第六版化学分册,少年儿童出版社,2013
Ten Thousand Whys: Chemistry volume, 6th ed., Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-7-5324-9328-9 · 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787532493289
#人造元素 #核合成 #元素周期表
为什么墨写的字放千年都不褪色?
Why do ink characters stay unfaded for a thousand years?
松烟墨、油烟墨的主要成分是碳(单质),化学性质极稳定,不遇强氧化不褪色;碳粒还吸附于纸纤维。
Soot inks are mostly elemental carbon, chemically very stable and resistant to fading unless strongly oxidized; the particles also adsorb into paper fibers.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#墨 #碳黑 #稳定
为什么汞是唯一液态金属?
Why is mercury the only liquid metal?
汞原子间金属键较弱、熔点很低,常温下保持液态。
Mercury's weak metallic bonding gives it a very low melting point.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#汞 #熔点 #金属键
为什么钻石和铅笔芯是同一种元素?
Why are diamond and pencil lead the same element?
它们是碳的同素异形体:金刚石中碳原子四面体强键(硬、绝缘),石墨中分层(软、导电),还有富勒烯、石墨烯,仅是原子排列不同。
They are carbon allotropes: diamond's 3D strong bonds (hard, insulating) vs graphite's layers (soft, conductive), plus fullerenes and graphene—same element, different arrangements.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#同素异形体 #碳 #金刚石
是谁最早发现氧气的?
Who first discovered oxygen?
1774年英国化学家普里斯特利用加热氧化汞等方法制出了氧气,并注意到它支持燃烧。
In 1774 Joseph Priestley produced oxygen by heating mercuric oxide and noted it supported combustion.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#氧气 #普里斯特利 #历史
为什么金首饰埋在土里千年也不锈?
Why doesn't a gold ring rust after a thousand years underground?
金的标准电极电势很高,化学性质极不活泼,常温下不与氧、硫普通反应,所以能长久保持光泽,所谓恒久远。
Gold has a very high standard potential and is chemically inert, not reacting with oxygen or common substances at room temperature, so it stays shiny for millennia.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#金 #惰性 #稳定
为什么一小块金属放手心就化成水?
Why does a small piece of metal melt in your palm?
镓的熔点仅约29.8°C,略低于体温,手温即可使其熔化;但液态镓会润湿并脆化铝,要小心。
Gallium melts at ~29.8 C, just below body temperature, so it liquefies in your hand; molten gallium can embrittle aluminum, so handle carefully.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#镓 #低熔点 #金属
为什么金能打成比纸还薄的金箔贴金?
Why can gold be hammered thinner than paper for gilding?
金极延展,可锤打成约0.1微米的薄片,不氧化不变色,永保光泽,中国传统贴金常用于佛像建筑。
Gold is so malleable it can be hammered to ~0.1 um leaf, never tarnishing—used in traditional Chinese gilding of statues and architecture.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#金箔 #贴金 #延展
电负性在周期表中怎样变化?
How does electronegativity vary in the periodic table?
电负性(吸引成键电子的能力)同周期向右增大、同族向下减小,氟最高(约 3.98)。电负性差决定键的极性,差值大时形成离子键倾向。
Electronegativity (ability to attract bonding electrons) increases left-to-right across a period and decreases down a group, with fluorine highest (~3.98). The difference drives bond polarity; large differences favor ionic bonding.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#电负性 #极性 #周期
为什么锂能浮在水上?
Why can lithium float on water?
锂是密度最小的金属,比水还轻,能浮起;但它遇水剧烈反应放出氢气,绝不能当漂浮玩具。
Lithium is the lightest metal, less dense than water, so it floats—but it reacts violently with water releasing hydrogen, so it's no toy.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#锂 #最轻金属 #密度
原子半径在周期表中如何变化?
How does atomic radius vary across the periodic table?
同周期从左到右半径减小,因有效核电荷增大把电子拉得更紧;同族从上到下半径增大,因新增电子层。这种变化解释了诸多元素性质的递变。
Across a period radius shrinks as effective nuclear charge pulls electrons tighter; down a group it grows due to added electron shells. This trend explains many periodic property variations.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Sam Kean,《The Disappearing Spoon》Little, Brown,2010;中译《元素的盛宴》接力出版社
S. Kean, The Disappearing Spoon, Little Brown, 2010; Chinese ed. Jielie Publishing House
#原子半径 #周期趋势 #核电荷
为什么氦气能充气球?
Why can helium fill balloons?
氦比空气轻且化学性质极不活泼,安全又上浮。
Helium is lighter than air and chemically inert, so it lifts safely.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#氦 #轻 #惰性
道尔顿的原子论说了什么?
What did Dalton's atomic theory say?
它提出物质由不可再分的原子组成,同种元素的原子相同,化学反应只是原子重新组合。
It proposed matter is made of indivisible atoms, identical atoms for an element, and reactions just rearrange atoms.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
大连理工大学无机化学教研室 编,《无机化学》第6版,高等教育出版社
Dalian University of Technology Inorganic Chemistry Group, Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., Higher Education Press
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787040492750(豆瓣书目条目: 无机化学)
#原子论 #道尔顿 #历史