为什么把铁片丢进硫酸铜溶液会自己长出铜？
Why does copper 'grow' on an iron sheet in copper sulfate solution?
铁比铜活泼，发生置换：Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu，铜析出附在铁上；宋代《梦溪笔谈》记载胆水浸铜，是世界最早的湿法炼铜之一。
Iron is more reactive than copper, displacing it: Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu, copper deposits on iron. The Song-era 'dan-water copper' method was among the world's earliest hydrometallurgy.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Brown, LeMay 等,《Chemistry: The Central Science》第14版,Pearson,2017
T. L. Brown et al., Chemistry: The Central Science, 14th ed., Pearson, 2017
#湿法炼铜 #置换 #沈括
如何判断氧化剂和还原剂？
How do you identify oxidizing and reducing agents?
在氧化还原反应中，所含元素化合价降低、得到电子的物质是氧化剂；化合价升高、失去电子的物质是还原剂。氧化剂自身被还原，还原剂自身被氧化。常见氧化剂有高锰酸钾、氧气，常见还原剂有氢气、金属单质。
In a redox reaction, the substance whose element's oxidation state decreases and gains electrons is the oxidizing agent; the one whose state increases and loses electrons is the reducing agent. The oxidizer is itself reduced and the reducer is oxidized. Common oxidizers include potassium permanganate and oxygen; common reducers include hydrogen and metals.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-03
来源 · Source
Brown、LeMay、Bursten 等《化学：中心科学》（第14版，Pearson）氧化还原（氧化剂与还原剂）章节
Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; et al. Chemistry: The Central Science, 14th ed., Pearson (oxidizing and reducing agents)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ARCHIVE 标识 chemistrycentral0000brow_r2x3：Chemistry : the
#氧化剂 #还原剂 #化合价
为什么氢既可以算非金属也可以单独分类？
Why is hydrogen sometimes classified separately rather than as a nonmetal?
氢只有一个电子，既能失去电子显金属性（如形成H+），也能得到一个电子显非金属性（如形成H-）。它位于周期表左上角，既不像碱金属也不像卤素，性质独特。因此在周期表中常被单独列出。
Hydrogen has a single electron, so it can lose it and behave metallically (forming H+) or gain one and behave nonmetallically (forming H-). Located at the top left, it resembles neither alkali metals nor halogens and is chemically unique. It is therefore often listed separately in the periodic table.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：著录含书名，但缺版次 / 出版社 / 年份中的一部分，需编辑补全后才能做独立比对。
Housecroft 与 Sharpe《无机化学》（第5版，Pearson）氢元素章节
Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed., Pearson (the element hydrogen)
#氢 #分类 #周期表
什么是氧化还原反应？
What is a redox reaction?
氧化还原反应是反应中有电子转移、元素化合价发生变化的反应。失去电子的过程叫氧化，得到电子的过程叫还原，二者总是同时发生。燃烧、呼吸、金属腐蚀都属于氧化还原反应。
A redox reaction is one in which electrons are transferred and the oxidation states of elements change. Losing electrons is oxidation and gaining them is reduction; the two always occur together. Combustion, respiration and metal corrosion are all redox reactions.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-03
来源 · Source
Brown、LeMay、Bursten 等《化学：中心科学》（第14版，Pearson）氧化还原反应章节
Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; et al. Chemistry: The Central Science, 14th ed., Pearson (oxidation–reduction reactions)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ARCHIVE 标识 studentlectureno00theo：Chemistry, the central
#氧化还原 #电子转移 #化合价
为什么铁生锈是氧化还原反应？
Why is rusting of iron a redox reaction?
铁在潮湿空气中与氧气和水反应生成氧化铁（铁锈），铁失去电子被氧化，氧气得到电子被还原。这是一种缓慢的氧化还原反应，称为电化学腐蚀。涂漆或镀锌可以隔绝空气和水从而防止生锈。
In moist air, iron reacts with oxygen and water to form iron oxide (rust); iron loses electrons and is oxidized while oxygen gains electrons and is reduced. This is a slow redox reaction known as electrochemical corrosion. Painting or galvanizing blocks air and water to prevent rusting.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-03
来源 · Source
Brown、LeMay、Bursten 等《化学：中心科学》（第14版，Pearson）电化学腐蚀与金属章节
Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; et al. Chemistry: The Central Science, 14th ed., Pearson (electrochemical corrosion of iron)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ARCHIVE 标识 studentlectureno00theo：Chemistry, the central
#铁锈 #氧化还原 #电化学腐蚀