什么是电脑程序？
What is a computer program?
程序是一张写给电脑的菜谱，一步一步教它做菜。没有程序，电脑就不知道该干啥。
A program is a recipe written for the computer, teaching it step by step. Without a program, the computer would not know what to do.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-04
来源 · Source
Linda Liukas,《Hello Ruby: Adventures in Coding》,Feiwel & Friends,2015
Linda Liukas, Hello Ruby: Adventures in Coding, Feiwel & Friends, 2015
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-0-14-330898-0 (2015, No Starch Press)
#程序 #代码
电脑怎么记住我们看过的动画片？
How does a computer remember the cartoons we watched?
电脑把喜欢的画面藏进它的小仓库里，关掉也不丢。下次打开，它就又拿给你看。
The computer hides your favorite pictures in its little storage, and they stay even when it is off. Next time you open it, it shows them to you again.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Charles Petzold,《Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software》第2版,Microsoft Press,2022
C. Petzold, Code, 2nd ed., Microsoft Press, 2022; Chinese ed.《编码》
#记忆 #存储
电脑按下开关后是怎么醒过来的？
How does a computer wake up after you press the power?
开机后，电脑先跑一段小检查程序看看零件好不好。确认没问题，再把操作系统请出来站岗。
On startup the computer runs a small check to see if parts are well, then brings up the operating system to take charge. Only after that can you use it.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：著录仅给书名，无版次与年份；同一书名常对应多个版次，不臆测具体版本。
UEFI Forum,《Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) Specification》(uefi.org 现行版)
UEFI Forum, Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) Specification (uefi.org, current edition)
#启动 #系统
电脑的内存和硬盘有什么不一样？
What is the difference between memory and storage?
内存像你写作业的桌面，关机就清空；硬盘像书包，关了机东西还在。桌面越大，同时做的事越多。
Memory is like your desk where you work and clears when off; storage is like a backpack that keeps things even when off. A bigger desk lets you do more at once.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-03 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
韩启德总主编《十万个为什么》(第六版),少年儿童出版社,2013
Han Qide chief ed., Ten Thousand Whys, 6th edition, Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013, 6th ed., Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-7-5324-9328-9 · 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787532493289
#内存 #硬盘
屏幕上的画是怎么冒出来的？
How do pictures appear on the screen?
屏幕像很多很多小灯排成队，电脑让小灯亮起来拼成画。亮灯的地方多，画就出来了。
The screen is like many tiny lights lined up, and the computer lights them to make a picture. Where more lights shine, the picture shows up.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-04
来源 · Source
《计算机图形学原理及实践》（Foley 等）
Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice (Foley et al.)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 9780201121100 (1990)
#屏幕 #显示
触摸屏是怎么知道我们手指碰了哪里的？
How does a touchscreen know where we touch?
屏幕下藏着会数手指的小网，你一碰它就报告位置。电脑马上在那一处打开东西。
Under the screen hides a little net that counts your fingers; when you tap, it reports the spot. The computer opens something right there.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Charles Petzold,《Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software》第2版,Microsoft Press,2022
C. Petzold, Code, 2nd ed., Microsoft Press, 2022; Chinese ed.《编码》
#触摸屏 #输入
电脑里的文件和文件夹是什么？
What are files and folders in a computer?
文件是你的画或作文，文件夹是把它们收在一起的盒子。整理好，找起来就不费劲。
A file is your drawing or story, and a folder is a box that keeps them together. When tidy, things are easy to find.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-03 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
韩启德总主编《十万个为什么》(第六版),少年儿童出版社,2013
Han Qide chief ed., Ten Thousand Whys, 6th edition, Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013, 6th ed., Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-7-5324-9328-9 · 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787532493289
#文件 #文件夹
电脑是怎么把字母变成能传送的数字的？
How does a computer turn letters into numbers it can send?
电脑用一本代码表，把每个字母换成专属数字，比如 A 是 65。这样文字就能像数数一样被电脑搬来搬去。
The computer uses a code table that swaps each letter for its own number, like A is 65. That lets text be moved around by the computer just like counting.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Charles Petzold,《Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software》第2版,Microsoft Press,2022
C. Petzold, Code, 2nd ed., Microsoft Press, 2022; Chinese ed.《编码》
#编码 #文字
处理器（CPU）是怎么当电脑大脑的？
How does the processor (CPU) act as the computer's brain?
处理器是电脑里最爱动脑的小方块，每秒做几十亿次微小计算。它把每个任务拆开，排好队一个一个解决。
The processor is the busy little square that does billions of tiny calculations each second. It splits every task and solves them one by one in order.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Charles Petzold,《Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software》第2版,Microsoft Press,2022
C. Petzold, Code, 2nd ed., Microsoft Press, 2022; Chinese ed.《编码》
#处理器 #CPU
电脑是什么呀？
What is a computer?
电脑是一台会听我们说话、帮我们画画和算数的聪明机器。它就像一位什么都会做的小助手。
A computer is a clever machine that listens to us and helps draw pictures and do math. It is like a little helper that can do many things.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Charles Petzold,《Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software》第2版,Microsoft Press,2022
C. Petzold, Code, 2nd ed., Microsoft Press, 2022; Chinese ed.《编码》
#电脑 #基础
图形处理器（GPU）是做什么的？
What does a graphics processor (GPU) do?
GPU 是专门画画的快手脚，能同时给成千上万颗小点涂色。游戏和动画靠它才顺滑。
The GPU is a fast painter that colors thousands of tiny dots at the same time. Games and animations stay smooth because of it.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Charles Petzold,《Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software》第2版,Microsoft Press,2022
C. Petzold, Code, 2nd ed., Microsoft Press, 2022; Chinese ed.《编码》
#GPU #图形
电脑为什么会听我的话?我按字母A它就知道?
How does my computer listen when I press the letter A?
键盘下面有一排小开关。你按下A,开关就告诉电脑:A来啦!电脑用只有它懂的电信号飞快地查表,然后在屏幕上画出A。这一切只用眨眼的万分之一时间。
Little switches live under every key. Press A and the switch tells the computer: A is here! It checks its code super fast and draws an A on screen — all in one ten-thousandth of a blink.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-04
来源 · Source
Linda Liukas,《Hello Ruby: Adventures in Coding》,Feiwel & Friends,2015
Linda Liukas, Hello Ruby: Adventures in Coding, Feiwel & Friends, 2015
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-0-14-330898-0 (2015, No Starch Press)
#键盘 #电脑 #信号
键盘是做什么用的？
What is the keyboard for?
键盘像一排会说话的小牙齿，你按一下，它就告诉电脑一个字母。这样我们就能和电脑聊天啦。
The keyboard is like a row of little talking keys; press one and it tells the computer a letter. That is how we chat with the computer.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-03 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
韩启德总主编《十万个为什么》(第六版),少年儿童出版社,2013
Han Qide chief ed., Ten Thousand Whys, 6th edition, Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013, 6th ed., Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-7-5324-9328-9 · 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787532493289
#键盘 #输入
电脑是怎么听从我们指令的？
How does a computer follow our instructions?
我们把想做的事写成一行行小命令，电脑从上往下照做。做错一步，结果就会不一样。
We write what we want as lines of tiny commands, and the computer follows them top to bottom. One wrong step changes the result.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Charles Petzold,《Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software》第2版,Microsoft Press,2022
C. Petzold, Code, 2nd ed., Microsoft Press, 2022; Chinese ed.《编码》
#指令 #基础
鼠标为什么能带着小箭头跑？
Why does the mouse move the arrow on screen?
鼠标里有个会发光的小眼睛，它看出你手往哪边滑。电脑就让你的小箭头跟着跑。
The mouse has a tiny glowing eye that sees which way your hand slides. The computer makes your little arrow follow along.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-03 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
韩启德总主编《十万个为什么》(第六版),少年儿童出版社,2013
Han Qide chief ed., Ten Thousand Whys, 6th edition, Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013, 6th ed., Juvenile and Children Publishing House, 2013
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-7-5324-9328-9 · 核验依据 2 ISBN 9787532493289
#鼠标 #基础