为什么深海生物大多会发光？
Why do so many deep-sea creatures produce light?
在永恒的黑暗中，生物发光用来求偶、诱捕猎物、驱敌或照明；发光由体内的荧光素和荧光素酶化学反应产生。
In perpetual darkness, bioluminescence is used for mating, luring prey, defense, or illumination; it comes from a chemical reaction between luciferin and luciferase.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Rachel Carson,《The Sea Around Us》Oxford University Press,1951;中译《环绕我们的海洋》
R. Carson, The Sea Around Us, Oxford University Press, 1951; Chinese ed.
#生物发光 #深海
深海完全没有阳光，那里的生命靠什么活下去？
With no sunlight in the deep sea, what do its creatures live on?
在海底热泉和冷泉附近，细菌靠化学物质（如硫化氢）制造能量，这种“化能合成”支撑起不依赖阳光的食物链。
Near hydrothermal vents and seeps, bacteria make energy from chemicals like hydrogen sulfide—chemosynthesis—supporting food webs that need no sunlight.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-02
来源 · Source
Von Damm, K. L.：《海底热液活动：黑烟囱化学与烟囱体》，《地球与行星科学年鉴》（Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences），1990年，18卷173–204页
Von Damm, K. L., 'Seafloor hydrothermal activity: black smoker chemistry and chimneys', Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1990, vol. 18, pp. 173-204
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 CROSSREF 标识 10.1146/annurev.ea.18.050190.001133：SEAFLOOR
#化能合成 #热泉
深海平原为什么那么平，像铺了地毯一样？
Why are abyssal plains so flat, like a carpet was laid down?
细小的泥沙从大陆边慢慢飘落、铺在海底，把原来的坑坑洼洼都盖平了，就成了又平又广的深海平原。
Tiny mud and silt drift from the continents and blanket the seafloor, smoothing over bumps into broad, flat abyssal plains.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Rachel Carson,《The Sea Around Us》Oxford University Press,1951;中译《环绕我们的海洋》
R. Carson, The Sea Around Us, Oxford University Press, 1951; Chinese ed.
#深海平原 #沉积