radiation Earth Science

3 个科学问题 · 地球科学 Earth Science

本页目录

如果地球没有大气和温室气体,地表平均温度会是多少?

If Earth had no atmosphere or greenhouse gases, what would its average surface temperature be?

把地球当作反射约 30% 阳光的黑球,仅靠辐射平衡算出的有效温度约 -18°C;而实际因为有温室效应,平均约 15°C,相差约 33 度。
Treating Earth as a blackbody reflecting about 30% of sunlight gives an effective temperature near -18°C; the actual ~15°C average is about 33 degrees warmer because of the greenhouse effect.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18) CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

盛裴轩 等,《大气物理学》,北京大学出版社,2003

Sheng Peixuan et al., Atmospheric Physics, Peking University Press, 2003

#辐射平衡 #有效温度

地球把吸收到的阳光又怎么送回太空?

How does Earth send the sunlight it absorbs back to space?

地球把热量以红外线的形式向外辐射;大气中的温室气体会拦住一部分红外辐射再放回地面,于是热量收支达到平衡,温度保持稳定。
Earth radiates its heat as infrared light; greenhouse gases intercept part of that infrared and re-radiate it back down, so the energy budget balances and temperature stays steady.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15) CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

盛裴轩 等,《大气物理学》,北京大学出版社,2003

Sheng Peixuan et al., Atmospheric Physics, Peking University Press, 2003

#红外辐射 #能量收支

地球表面大约把多少阳光直接反射回天上?

About how much sunlight does Earth's surface and clouds reflect back to space?

云、冰、雪和地面加起来大约把照到地球的阳光反射掉三成,剩下的才被吸收用来加热地球。
Clouds, ice, snow, and the ground together reflect about 30% of incoming sunlight; the rest is absorbed and warms the planet.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8) CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

盛裴轩 等,《大气物理学》,北京大学出版社,2003

Sheng Peixuan et al., Atmospheric Physics, Peking University Press, 2003

#反照率 #反射