认知负荷理论对人机界面信息呈现有何设计启示？
What design implications does cognitive load theory have for information presentation in interfaces?
该理论认为工作记忆容量有限，内在、外在与关联三类负荷共同消耗资源。界面应减少非必要外在负荷（如一致布局、渐进披露），把资源留给关联负荷（真正的学习理解），避免一次性堆砌信息。
The theory holds working memory is limited, with intrinsic, extraneous, and germane loads competing for resources. Interfaces should cut extraneous load (consistent layout, progressive disclosure) and free capacity for germane load (real understanding), avoiding information overload at once.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-03
来源 · Source
《人机交互》（清华大学出版社）
Sweller, Ayres & Kalyuga, Cognitive Load Theory, Springer
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL21308956W：Cognitive Load Theory（
#认知负荷 #界面设计 #工作记忆
菲茨定律（Fitts's Law）对界面按钮设计有什么定量指导意义？
What quantitative guidance does Fitts's Law give for interface button design?
菲茨定律指出目标获取时间随目标距离增大、尺寸减小而变长，呈对数关系。据此应把常用或危险操作的目标做得更大、更靠近操作起点，并加大点击热区以降低误触与时间成本。
Fitts's Law states the time to acquire a target grows logarithmically with distance and shrinks with target size. Hence frequently used or dangerous controls should be larger, nearer the action origin, with enlarged hit areas to cut error and time.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-04
来源 · Source
Fitts,《The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement.》,Journal of Experimental Psychology,1954 (DOI: 10.1037/h0055392)
Fitts, 'The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement.', Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1954, DOI: 10.1037/h0055392
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 Crossref DOI 10.1037/h0055392
#菲茨定律 #交互设计 #目标获取
什么是可访问性（无障碍），为什么数字产品需要遵循它？
What is accessibility, and why should digital products follow it?
可访问性指产品能被包括视障、听障、运动障碍在内的所有用户使用。遵循 WCAG 等规范可消除使用壁垒、满足法律合规，并扩大受众、提升整体可用性。
Accessibility means products are usable by everyone, including people with visual, hearing, or motor impairments. Following guidelines like WCAG removes barriers, meets legal compliance, and broadens audience while improving overall usability.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：此条未指向带版次的可引用著作（通识性内容、机构文件或未展开的英文书名），本库不提供独立书目出处；如需精确引用，需由编辑补全具体篇目与版次。
W3C WCAG 2.1 无障碍指南
W3C WCAG 2.1 Guidelines
#可访问性 #无障碍 #WCAG
人机交互中的可用性通常指哪几个核心维度？
What core dimensions does usability in human-computer interaction usually refer to?
可用性常包括有效性（任务完成率）、效率（耗时与资源）和满意度（主观体验），ISO 9241 还强调易学性与容错。良好可用性需以用户为中心、经可用性测试迭代优化。
Usability typically covers effectiveness (task completion), efficiency (time and resources), and satisfaction (subjective experience); ISO 9241 also stresses learnability and error tolerance. Good usability requires user-centered design iterated via usability testing.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：此条未指向带版次的可引用著作（通识性内容、机构文件或未展开的英文书名），本库不提供独立书目出处；如需精确引用，需由编辑补全具体篇目与版次。
ISO 9241-11 可用性标准
ISO 9241-11 Ergonomics of Usability
#可用性 #用户体验 #ISO9241
什么是用户画像，它在交互设计中起什么作用？
What is a user persona, and what role does it play in interaction design?
用户画像是基于真实调研构建的代表性虚拟用户，包含目标、行为与痛点。它帮助团队在设计中始终以具体人群需求为锚，统一决策、避免主观臆测，是用户中心设计的核心工具。
A persona is a representative fictional user built from real research, with goals, behaviors, and pain points. It keeps the team anchored to concrete needs, unifies decisions, and avoids guesswork, a core tool of user-centered design.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-03
来源 · Source
《人机交互》（清华大学出版社）
The Inmates Are Running the Asylum, Cooper
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL21308956W：Cognitive Load Theory（
#用户画像 #用户中心设计 #需求
Jakob Nielsen 提出的十大可用性原则中，哪几条直接针对错误预防与反馈？
Among Jakob Nielsen's ten usability heuristics, which directly address error prevention and feedback?
与错误和反馈直接相关的原则包括：系统状态可见性（及时反馈）、防错（在行动前防止错误发生）、以及错误诊断与恢复（用平实语言说明问题并给出解法）。它们共同降低操作失误与挫败感。
Heuristics directly about errors and feedback include visibility of system status (timely feedback), error prevention (stop errors before they occur), and help users recognize and recover from errors (plain-language diagnosis and fix). Together they cut mistakes and frustration.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：此条未指向带版次的可引用著作（通识性内容、机构文件或未展开的英文书名），本库不提供独立书目出处；如需精确引用，需由编辑补全具体篇目与版次。
Nielsen Norman Group 可用性原则
Nielsen Norman Group Usability Heuristics
#尼尔森 #可用性启发式 #错误预防