海洋'生物泵'与'溶解度泵'在固碳中的相对贡献及脆弱性？
How do the biological and solubility pumps compare in ocean carbon storage and vulnerability?
溶解度泵靠低温高CO2溶解度把碳带入深层，占总海洋无机碳输送的大头且较稳定；生物泵靠浮游生物沉降输出有机碳，约贡献剩余部分但对变暖、分层与酸化敏感，升温可能削弱其效率。
The solubility pump uses cold, CO2-soluble water to carry carbon deep and dominates inorganic transport, fairly stable; the biological pump relies on sinking plankton debris, contributes the rest, but is sensitive to warming, stratification and acidification, so it may weaken with heating.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：此条未指向带版次的可引用著作（通识性内容、机构文件或未展开的英文书名），本库不提供独立书目出处；如需精确引用，需由编辑补全具体篇目与版次。
Nature;Oceanogr.
Nature;Oceanography
#生物泵 #溶解度泵
什么是全球碳预算？
What is the global carbon budget?
全球碳预算是指在把升温控制在某一目标（如1.5℃）内，人类累计还能排放的二氧化碳总量上限。它把气候目标换算成具体的排放“配额”。一旦预算耗尽，就难以实现温控目标，因此减排越早越有利。
The global carbon budget is the total remaining CO2 humanity can emit while keeping warming within a target like 1.5°C. It translates a climate goal into a concrete emission allowance. Once the budget is spent, the temperature goal becomes unreachable, so earlier cuts help most.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳预算 #配额 #温控
“碳酸盐—硅酸盐循环”如何在地质时间尺度上调节气候？
How does the carbonate–silicate cycle regulate climate over geological time?
硅酸盐岩石风化会消耗大气中的 CO₂，生成的离子经河流入海并沉淀为碳酸盐岩，把碳长期封存在地壳。火山活动再把碳释放回大气，这一慢速循环在百万年尺度上维系着地球的宜居温度。
Weathering of silicate rocks consumes atmospheric CO₂, and the resulting ions flow to the sea to form carbonate rocks that lock carbon in the crust. Volcanism returns carbon to the air, so this slow cycle keeps Earth habitable over millions of years.
难度 专业 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳酸盐—硅酸盐循环 #风化 #长期碳循环
什么是“海洋酸化”，它与大气二氧化碳升高有何关系？
What is ocean acidification, and how is it linked to rising atmospheric CO2?
海洋酸化指海水因吸收过量大气二氧化碳，使碳酸平衡向生成更多氢离子（H⁺）偏移，导致表层海水pH下降的现象。自工业化以来，海洋表层pH已从约8.2降至约8.1，酸度（H⁺浓度）上升约30%，这会削弱珊瑚、贝类等钙化生物构建外壳与骨骼的能力。
Ocean acidification is the decrease in seawater pH caused by the ocean absorbing excess atmospheric CO2, which shifts carbonate chemistry toward more hydrogen ions (H+). Since pre-industrial times, surface ocean pH has fallen from about 8.2 to about 8.1—an approximately 30% increase in acidity—which impairs the ability of corals, shellfish, and other calcifying organisms to build shells and skeletons.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#海洋酸化 #pH #碳酸平衡 #钙化生物 #二氧化碳吸收
永久冻土碳反馈的'突发性'释放路径有哪些，不确定性何在？
What abrupt-release pathways does permafrost carbon feedback have, and where is the uncertainty?
主要路径包括热喀斯特坍塌暴露深层碳、泥炭自燃释放CO2/CH4、以及湿地化后厌氧产CH4。不确定在于微生物响应速率、地形水文放大及CH4氧化比例，导致全球模型对冻土排放估算跨度极大。
Key paths are thermokarst collapse exposing deep carbon, peat fires emitting CO2/CH4, and wetlanding that anaerobically produces CH4. Uncertainty lies in microbial response rates, terrain-hydrology amplification and CH4 oxidation fraction, leaving global model estimates spanning a wide range.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#永久冻土 #甲烷
海洋中的“生物泵”和“溶解度泵”分别指什么？
What are the ocean's biological pump and solubility pump?
生物泵指浮游植物光合作用固定碳，死亡后碎屑沉入深海把碳长期封存；溶解度泵指冷水溶解 CO₂ 能力强，下沉的冷水把碳带到深海洋。两者共同让海洋成为最大的活跃碳库之一。
The biological pump is carbon fixed by phytoplankton that sinks as dead matter to deep water, locking it away; the solubility pump is cold water's strong ability to dissolve CO₂, carrying carbon downward as it sinks. Together they make the ocean a major active carbon reservoir.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#生物泵 #溶解度泵 #海洋碳汇
什么是“基林曲线（Keeling Curve）”，它为何是气候科学的基石证据？
What is the Keeling Curve, and why is it a cornerstone of climate science evidence?
基林曲线是自1958年起在夏威夷冒纳罗亚观测站连续测得的大气二氧化碳浓度曲线，由查尔斯·戴维·基林建立。它清晰显示CO2浓度从约315 ppm持续上升到如今的420 ppm以上，并叠加着年度季节波动，为人为排放导致大气温室气体累积提供了最直接、最长期的观测证据。
The Keeling Curve is the continuous record of atmospheric CO2 concentration measured since 1958 at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, begun by Charles David Keeling. It shows CO2 rising steadily from about 315 ppm to over 420 ppm today, with a superimposed annual seasonal cycle, providing the most direct and longest-term observational evidence that human emissions are accumulating in the atmosphere.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#基林曲线 #冒纳罗亚 #CO2浓度 #ppm #长期观测
大气 CO2 的“滞留时间”和“调整时间”有什么不同？
What is the difference between CO2's 'residence time' and 'adjustment time'?
滞留时间是单个 CO2 分子平均在大气停留约数年；调整时间是人为脉冲排放后大气总量恢复到接近初值所需的时间，因海洋与生物圈缓冲，可达数百年甚至更久。
Residence time is a single molecule's ~few years in air; adjustment time is how long the total excess from a pulse takes to fall back, buffered by ocean and biosphere, lasting centuries or more.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#滞留时间 #调整时间 #碳循环
全国碳市场（ETS）是怎么用“配额”倒逼企业减排的？
How does the national carbon market (ETS) use 'allowances' to force firms to cut emissions?
政府发给重点排放企业有限配额，排放超标就得花钱买、节约的能卖出；碳价因此把污染成本内部化，倒逼企业上节能技改、低谷时关停高耗设备。
The government issues limited allowances to major emitters; those over-limit must buy, those under can sell. The carbon price internalizes pollution cost, pushing firms to upgrade efficiency and idle dirty capacity.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳市场 #配额 #碳价
甲烷的温室效应为什么比二氧化碳更强？
Why is methane a stronger greenhouse gas than CO2?
甲烷（CH4）在分子层面捕获热量的能力约为同等质量二氧化碳的80多倍，因而短期增温潜力极高。不过它在大气中的寿命只有约12年，远短于可存留数百年的CO2。主要来源包括反刍动物、稻田、垃圾填埋和天然气泄漏。
Methane (CH4) traps heat about 80-plus times more powerfully per unit mass than CO2 over a 20-year span, giving it very high short-term warming potential. However, it lasts only about 12 years in the atmosphere, far shorter than CO2's centuries. Major sources include ruminants, rice paddies, landfills, and gas leaks.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#甲烷 #温室潜力 #短期
什么是基林曲线？
What is the Keeling Curve?
基林曲线是美国科学家查尔斯·基林自1958年起在夏威夷冒纳罗亚天文台连续测量的大气二氧化碳浓度变化曲线。它直观地显示CO2浓度逐年上升，并呈现随季节呼吸的波动。该曲线是证明人类导致大气温室气体增加的最著名证据之一。
The Keeling Curve is the record of atmospheric CO2 concentration measured continuously since 1958 by Charles Keeling at Mauna Loa, Hawaii. It shows CO2 rising year by year with a seasonal breathing wobble. It is among the most famous evidence that human activity is increasing greenhouse gases.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#基林曲线 #CO2 #监测
为什么大气 CO₂ 的碳-13 同位素比率能证明人类是排放主因？
Why does the carbon-13 isotope ratio of atmospheric CO₂ prove humans are the main cause?
植物在光合作用中偏好较轻的碳-12，所以煤和石油等化石燃料偏“轻”。燃烧它们会拉低大气 CO₂ 中碳-13 的比例，观测到这一下降恰好对应化石燃料排放，成为人为源的有力证据。
Plants favor the lighter carbon-12 during photosynthesis, so coal and oil are isotopically 'light'. Burning them lowers the carbon-13 share in atmospheric CO₂, and the observed drop tracks fossil-fuel emissions, strong evidence for human cause.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳-13 #同位素示踪 #化石燃料
商品上的“碳标签/碳足迹标识”到底在标什么？
What does a product's 'carbon label / footprint' actually mark?
它标出产品从原料、制造、运输到废弃全过程的温室气体排放量（常折算成 CO2 当量）。看到标签，你就能在同一类商品里比较谁更低碳，用钱包投票。
It shows greenhouse-gas emissions across raw material, manufacturing, transport and disposal, usually as CO2-equivalent. The label lets you compare similar products and vote with your wallet for lower carbon.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳标签 #碳足迹 #消费选择
甲烷水合物（可燃冰）为什么被视为潜在的气候风险？
Why are methane hydrates ( combustible ice ) seen as a potential climate risk?
甲烷水合物是封存在海底与冻土中的冰状甲烷晶体。若因升温而大规模失稳释放，甲烷这种强温室气体进入大气，可能进一步加剧变暖，形成正反馈。
Methane hydrates are ice-like crystals of methane locked in seabeds and permafrost. If warming destabilizes them at large scale, the potent greenhouse gas methane could escape to the atmosphere and amplify warming through a feedback loop.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#甲烷水合物 #可燃冰 #正反馈
黑碳（煤烟）是如何影响气候的？
How does black carbon (soot) affect the climate?
黑碳是化石燃料和生物质不完全燃烧产生的黑色颗粒，飘在大气里会吸收阳光而增温。落到雪冰表面后降低反照率、加速融化，对极地和山区影响尤其明显。
Black carbon is dark particulate from incomplete burning of fossil fuels and biomass that absorbs sunlight and warms the air. When it lands on snow and ice it lowers reflectivity and speeds melting, with outsized effects in polar and mountain regions.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#黑碳 #煤烟 #反照率
什么是'碳汇'，森林和海洋怎么当碳汇？
What is a carbon sink and how do forests and oceans act as ones?
碳汇是净吸收并长期储存碳的系统。森林通过生长把碳固定在木质与土壤，海洋通过物理溶解与生物泵把碳沉入深层，二者每年抵消大量人为排放。
A carbon sink net-absorbs and stores carbon long-term. Forests lock it in wood and soil as they grow; oceans dissolve and sink it via physics and the biological pump, together offsetting much human emission yearly.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳汇 #生物泵
'CO2施肥效应'为何不能无限抵消排放？
Why can't the CO2 fertilization effect offset emissions indefinitely?
升高CO2可短期内提升部分植物光合与水分利用效率，但受氮、磷、水分与温度限制，且加速的呼吸与极端事件会回吐碳；观测显示其增益已现饱和迹象。
Higher CO2 can briefly boost photosynthesis and water use in some plants, but gains are capped by nitrogen, phosphorus, water and heat limits, and faster respiration plus extremes return carbon; observations show the bonus already saturating.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：此条未指向带版次的可引用著作（通识性内容、机构文件或未展开的英文书名），本库不提供独立书目出处；如需精确引用，需由编辑补全具体篇目与版次。
Nature;Science
Nature;Science
#CO2施肥 #饱和
什么是“碳汇”，陆地和海洋分别通过什么方式吸收二氧化碳？
What is a carbon sink, and how do land and ocean each absorb carbon dioxide?
碳汇是能从大气中净移除并长期储存碳的自然或人工系统，全球约有一半人为排放被陆地与海洋碳汇吸收。陆地碳汇主要靠植被光合作用和土壤固碳，海洋碳汇则依靠物理溶解、生物泵以及碳酸盐化学平衡来吸收二氧化碳。
A carbon sink is a natural or artificial reservoir that removes and stores carbon from the atmosphere; land and ocean sinks together absorb roughly half of human-caused CO2 emissions. Land sinks rely mainly on photosynthesis by vegetation and soil carbon storage, while ocean sinks depend on physical dissolution, the biological pump, and carbonate chemistry equilibria.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳汇 #陆地 #海洋 #光合作用 #生物泵
什么是碳封存？
What is carbon sequestration?
碳封存指把二氧化碳从大气中捕获并长期存放的过程，分为自然封存（如森林和土壤固碳）与人工封存（如把工业排放的CO2注入地下岩层）。人工碳捕集与封存（CCS）技术被视为减排的补充手段。但它成本高，不能替代减少化石燃料使用。
Carbon sequestration is capturing CO2 from the atmosphere and storing it long term, either naturally (forests, soils) or artificially (injecting industrial CO2 into underground rock). Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is seen as a supplementary tool. But it is costly and cannot replace cutting fossil fuel use.
难度 进阶 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳封存 #CCS #捕集
光合作用在碳循环中起什么作用？
What role does photosynthesis play in the carbon cycle?
光合作用是绿色植物和藻类利用阳光把二氧化碳和水转化为有机物并释放氧气的过程。它像“碳的搬运工”，把空气中的碳固定到植物体内。没有光合作用，碳循环和地球上的生命都难以维持。
Photosynthesis is how green plants and algae use sunlight to turn CO2 and water into organic matter while releasing oxygen. It acts like a carbon mover, fixing atmospheric carbon into living tissue. Without it, the carbon cycle and life on Earth would struggle to persist.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：著录仅给书名，无版次与年份；同一书名常对应多个版次，不臆测具体版本。
Miller, G.T. 与 Spoolman, S.《环境科学》
Miller, G.T. & Spoolman, S., Environmental Science
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 9787030120038（豆瓣书目条目）
#光合作用 #氧气 #固定碳
为什么大气CO2浓度还在上升即使陆地和海洋吸走了多半？
Why does atmospheric CO2 still rise even though land and ocean take most of it?
人类年排放约一半被陆地与海洋吸收，但剩余的一半仍净增大气碳库；且吸收份额随排放总量上升而相对下降，因此浓度持续走高，目前约420 ppm以上。
Nature absorbs about half of annual emissions, but the other half still nets into the atmosphere; and that share slips as emissions grow, so concentration keeps climbing—now above ~420 ppm.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳汇 #CO2浓度
为什么大气 CO₂ 浓度在一年内有“春高秋低”的波动？
Why does atmospheric CO₂ show a spring-high, autumn-low seasonal wobble each year?
北半球陆地面积大，春夏植物茂盛时大量吸收 CO₂，秋冬凋零分解又把 CO₂ 释放回大气，于是形成年度锯齿状波动。南半球相反，但全球整体被北半球的“呼吸”主导。
The Northern Hemisphere has more land; plants soak up CO₂ in spring and summer, then release it as they decay in autumn and winter, creating the yearly sawtooth. The Southern Hemisphere is opposite, but the global signal is dominated by the north's 'breathing'.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#季节波动 #光合作用 #呼吸作用
自然界的碳是怎么循环的？
How does nature's carbon cycle work?
植物光合作用把大气CO2转成有机物，动物呼吸与微生物分解又把碳送回大气和土壤，海洋也不断吸收释放碳，形成动态平衡；人类活动打破了这个平衡。
Plants fix atmospheric CO2 into organic matter via photosynthesis; respiration and decomposition return it to air and soil, while oceans constantly exchange carbon—a dynamic balance that human activity has broken.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳循环 #光合作用
什么是化石燃料？
What are fossil fuels?
化石燃料是远古动植物遗体经过漫长地质作用形成的煤、石油和天然气，储存了亿万年的太阳能。燃烧它们会释放大量二氧化碳，是当前全球温室气体的主要来源。由于储量有限且污染大，正逐步被清洁能源替代。
Fossil fuels are coal, oil, and natural gas formed from ancient plants and animals over geological time, storing solar energy from eons ago. Burning them releases large amounts of CO2, the main source of today's greenhouse gases. Being finite and polluting, they are gradually being replaced by clean energy.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#化石燃料 #煤 #石油 #天然气
什么是碳汇？
What are carbon sinks?
碳汇是指能够吸收并储存大气中二氧化碳的自然或人工系统，如森林、土壤和海洋。森林通过光合作用把碳固定在树木和土壤中。保护和扩大碳汇是减缓气候变化的重要手段。
A carbon sink is a natural or human-made system that absorbs and stores atmospheric CO2, such as forests, soils, and oceans. Forests lock carbon in trees and soil through photosynthesis. Protecting and expanding sinks is a major way to slow climate change.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳汇 #森林 #吸收
空气中二氧化碳太多为什么不好？
Why is too much CO2 in the air a problem?
二氧化碳是主要的温室气体，太多会让温室效应增强，使地球越来越热。变暖会带来冰川融化、海平面上升和极端天气。此外，海洋吸收过多CO2还会变酸，伤害珊瑚和贝类。
CO2 is a major greenhouse gas; too much strengthens the greenhouse effect and heats the planet. Warming brings melting ice, rising seas, and extreme weather. Oceans that absorb excess CO2 also turn acidic, harming corals and shellfish.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#二氧化碳 #温室 #海洋酸化
什么是“碳循环”，它在地球系统中如何运转？
What is the carbon cycle, and how does it operate in the Earth system?
碳循环是碳在大气、海洋、陆地生物圈和岩石圈之间不断交换与迁移的过程，包括光合作用固碳、呼吸与分解释碳、海洋吸收和火山释放等途径。它是一个连接生命、气候和地球化学的全球性循环，维持着大气中二氧化碳的基本平衡。
The carbon cycle is the continuous exchange and movement of carbon among the atmosphere, oceans, land biosphere, and lithosphere, through processes such as photosynthesis fixing carbon, respiration and decomposition releasing it, oceanic uptake, and volcanic emissions. It is a global cycle linking life, climate, and geochemistry and helps maintain the basic balance of atmospheric CO2.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
IPCC AR6 第一工作组报告,Cambridge University Press,2021
IPCC AR6 WG1, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, CUP, 2021
#碳循环 #光合作用 #呼吸 #海洋吸收 #二氧化碳