用“物质流分析”（MFA）如何评估一个城市的代谢效率？
How does Material Flow Analysis (MFA) assess a city's metabolic efficiency?
MFA量化城市输入（水、能、材料）与输出（产品、废物、排放）的流量与存量，计算单位GDP物质强度、循环率等指标，识别泄漏点以优化代谢。
MFA quantifies a city's input (water, energy, materials) and output (products, waste, emissions) flows and stocks, computing metrics like material intensity per GDP and recycling rate to find leak points and optimize metabolism.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
G. Tyler Miller,《Living in the Environment》Cengage 多版
G. T. Miller, Living in the Environment, Cengage Learning, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL66394W：Living in the environment
#产业生态 #物质流 #城市代谢
什么是“生态工业园”？
What is an eco-industrial park?
园区内企业彼此交换余热、副产品和废水，形成类似自然食物网的资源循环，降低总成本与排放，是产业共生的空间载体。
Firms in the park exchange waste heat, by-products and water, forming a resource loop like a natural food web, cutting total cost and emissions—the spatial form of industrial symbiosis.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
G. Tyler Miller,《Living in the Environment》Cengage 多版
G. T. Miller, Living in the Environment, Cengage Learning, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL66394W：Living in the environment
#产业生态 #生态工业园 #循环
什么是“产业共生”（industrial symbiosis）？
What is industrial symbiosis?
一家工厂的废料或余热成为另一家的原料或能源，形成“废物即资源”的网络，典型如丹麦卡伦堡园区。它降低整体排放与成本。
One plant's waste or waste heat becomes another's feedstock or energy, building a 'waste-as-resource' network—e.g., Kalundborg, Denmark. It cuts overall emissions and cost.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
G. Tyler Miller,《Living in the Environment》Cengage 多版
G. T. Miller, Living in the Environment, Cengage Learning, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL66394W：Living in the environment
#产业共生 #循环经济 #园区