什么是“损失与损害”（loss and damage），它为何在谈判中敏感？
What is 'loss and damage' and why is it sensitive in negotiations?
指气候变化已造成、且无法靠适应避免的损害（如海岛被淹、极端天气损失）。它触及“谁该为历史排放买单”的公平与赔偿责任，是发达国家与发展中国家的核心分歧。
It means climate harms that occur and cannot be avoided by adaptation (e.g., submerged islands, disaster losses). It raises fairness and liability—who pays for historical emissions—a core divide between developed and developing nations.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
G. Tyler Miller,《Living in the Environment》Cengage 多版
G. T. Miller, Living in the Environment, Cengage Learning, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL66394W：Living in the environment
#损失损害 #气候正义 #资金
什么是“气候难民”，国际法上是否被承认？
What are 'climate refugees' and are they recognized in law?
指因气候灾害或缓慢事件（海平面上升、干旱）而被迫离开家园的人。现行1951难民公约以“迫害”为准，未涵盖纯气候因素，故尚无专门法律身份，属人道挑战。
People forced to leave by climate disasters or slow-onset events (sea-level rise, drought). The 1951 Refugee Convention is based on 'persecution' and excludes pure climate causes, so no dedicated legal status exists—a humanitarian gap.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
G. Tyler Miller,《Living in the Environment》Cengage 多版
G. T. Miller, Living in the Environment, Cengage Learning, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL66394W：Living in the environment
#损失损害 #气候难民 #法律
COP27设立的“损失与损害基金”主要用于什么？
What is the 'Loss and Damage Fund' established at COP27 mainly for?
它用于帮助最脆弱、最少排放却受气候灾害冲击最严重的国家，提供灾后恢复与无法避免的损失补偿，是气候资金体系的补充。
It helps the most vulnerable, lowest-emitting nations hit hardest by climate disasters, funding recovery and compensation for unavoidable losses—complementing existing climate finance.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
G. Tyler Miller,《Living in the Environment》Cengage 多版
G. T. Miller, Living in the Environment, Cengage Learning, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL66394W：Living in the environment
#损失损害 #基金 #COP