water_treatment Environment

5 个科学问题 · 环境生态 Environment

本页目录

什么是“厌氧消化”处理有机废水并产沼气?

What is anaerobic digestion of organic wastewater producing biogas?

在无氧条件下,微生物把有机物分解成以甲烷为主的沼气和可沉污泥。既净化高浓有机废水(如养殖、食品),又回收能源,是“污染变资源”的典型。
Under anoxia, microbes split organics into methane-rich biogas and settleable sludge. It treats high-strength organic wastewater (livestock, food) while recovering energy—a classic 'pollution to resource'.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众 CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

左玉辉 主编,《环境学》第2版,高等教育出版社,2009

Zuo Yuhui ed., Environmental Science, 2nd ed., Higher Education Press, 2009

#水处理 #厌氧消化 #沼气

什么是“反渗透”(RO),为什么脱盐能耗高?

What is reverse osmosis (RO) and why is desalination energy-intensive?

RO用高压把海水压过仅允许水分子通过的半透膜以去除盐分。克服渗透压和浓水回流需要大量电能,故能耗高;但与热法相比仍更省能。
RO uses high pressure to push seawater through a semipermeable membrane that passes only water, removing salt. Overcoming osmotic pressure and handling brine needs much electricity, so it is energy-intensive—though still less than thermal methods.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众 CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

左玉辉 主编,《环境学》第2版,高等教育出版社,2009

Zuo Yuhui ed., Environmental Science, 2nd ed., Higher Education Press, 2009

#水处理 #反渗透 #脱盐

污水处理厂里的“活性污泥法”靠什么净化污水?

How does the 'activated sludge' process clean wastewater?

它利用曝气池中大量微生物群落分解有机物,微生物聚成絮体(污泥)并沉降分离,清水排出、剩余污泥再处理。核心是利用“生物”吃掉污染物。
It uses dense microbial communities in an aerated tank to break down organics; microbes clump into flocs (sludge) that settle and separate, releasing clean water while excess sludge is treated. The key is biology eating pollutants.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众 CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

左玉辉 主编,《环境学》第2版,高等教育出版社,2009

Zuo Yuhui ed., Environmental Science, 2nd ed., Higher Education Press, 2009

#水处理 #活性污泥 #微生物

什么是“水体富营养化”,怎么治理?

What is eutrophication and how is it managed?

氮磷等营养盐过量使藻类暴长、耗氧、鱼类死亡。治理从源头控污(截污、脱氮除磷)、清淤、引水增氧到恢复水生植被多管齐下。
Excess nitrogen and phosphorus cause algal blooms, oxygen depletion and fish kills. Management combines source control (intercept pollution, N/P removal), dredging, aeration and restoring aquatic vegetation.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众 CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

左玉辉 主编,《环境学》第2版,高等教育出版社,2009

Zuo Yuhui ed., Environmental Science, 2nd ed., Higher Education Press, 2009

#水处理 #富营养化 #治理

什么是“人工湿地”污水处理?

What is constructed-wetland wastewater treatment?

人工湿地模拟自然湿地,让污水缓慢流经芦苇等植物和填料,由植物、微生物和基质共同去除氮磷与有机物,运行成本低、景观友好。
Constructed wetlands mimic natural ones: wastewater slowly flows through reeds and substrate, where plants, microbes and media jointly remove nitrogen, phosphorus and organics—low cost and landscape-friendly.
难度 入门 · 适合 初中(12-15) CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source

左玉辉 主编,《环境学》第2版,高等教育出版社,2009

Zuo Yuhui ed., Environmental Science, 2nd ed., Higher Education Press, 2009

#水处理 #人工湿地 #生态