为什么他汀类药物能降低心脏病风险？
How do statins lower heart-disease risk?
他汀抑制胆固醇合成的关键酶，降低低密度脂蛋白，并有一定稳定斑块、抗炎作用，从而减少动脉粥样硬化事件。
Statins block a key cholesterol-making enzyme, lowering LDL and offering some plaque-stabilizing and anti-inflammatory effects, reducing atherosclerotic events.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-04
来源 · Source
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT),《Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170 000 participants in 26 randomised trials》,The Lancet,2010 (DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61350-5)
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration, 'Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170 000 participants in 26 randomised trials', The Lancet, 2010, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61350-5
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 Crossref DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61350-5
#他汀 #胆固醇 #心血管
动脉粥样硬化是怎么发生的？
How does atherosclerosis develop?
血管内皮受损后，脂质沉积形成斑块，逐渐使血管变窄变硬；斑块破裂可诱发血栓，引发心梗或中风。
After endothelial injury, lipid deposits form plaques that narrow and stiffen arteries; a ruptured plaque can trigger a clot causing heart attack or stroke.
难度 专业 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 来源待核验 · Source pending review
来源 · Source
出处备注：著录仅给书名，无版次与年份；同一书名常对应多个版次，不臆测具体版本。
Kumar 等《Robbins 病理学基础》（Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease）动脉粥样硬化章节
Kumar et al., Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease (atherosclerosis chapter)
#动脉粥样硬化 #斑块 #血管
心脏的『Frank-Starling 定律』说的是什么？
What does the Frank-Starling law of the heart describe?
它指在一定范围内，心室舒张末容积越大（即回心血量越多），心肌纤维被拉得越长，下一次收缩力就越强，心输出量随之增加。这相当于心脏对静脉回心血量做出自动匹配，维持进出平衡。
Within limits, a larger end-diastolic ventricular volume—more blood returning—stretches the cardiac fibers and yields a stronger next contraction, raising stroke volume. It lets the heart automatically match its output to the venous return and keep inflow and outflow balanced.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-03 · 3 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Guyton 与 Hall《医学生理学》；Patel 与 Chittiboyina《Frank-Starling 机制综述》(Comprehensive Physiology, 2015)
Guyton & Hall, 'Textbook of Medical Physiology'; Patel & Chittiboyina, 'The Frank-Starling Law' (Comprehensive Physiology, 2015)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-0-323-59712-8 · 核验依据 2 ISBN 978-1-4557-4377-3 (3rd ed., Elsevier) · 核验依据 3 ISBN 978-1-319-45541-5 (8th ed., Macmillan Learning)
#Frank-Starling #前负荷 #每搏输出量 #心肌拉伸
为什么高血压常被称为“沉默的杀手”？
Why is high blood pressure called a 'silent killer'?
高血压早期常无明显症状，却长期损害心、脑、肾和血管；定期测量才能早发现。
High blood pressure often has no early symptoms yet quietly damages heart, brain, kidneys and vessels - so regular measurement is the only way to catch it.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-03
来源 · Source
葛均波 等主编,《内科学》第9版,人民卫生出版社,2018
Ge Junbo et al. eds., Internal Medicine, 9th ed., PMPH, 2018
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 9787117265416（豆瓣书目条目: 内科学）
#高血压 #筛查 #血管
心脏的四个腔室各做什么？
What does each of the heart's four chambers do?
右心把全身回来的缺氧血送到肺换气，左心把富氧血泵向全身；心房接收血液，心室负责泵出。
The right heart sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs; the left heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body. Atria receive blood; ventricles do the pumping.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-03 · 3 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Guyton 与 Hall《医学生理学》（Textbook of Medical Physiology）心脏泵血章节
Guyton and Hall, Textbook of Medical Physiology (heart as a pump chapter)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 978-0-323-59712-8 · 核验依据 2 ISBN 978-1-4557-4377-3 (3rd ed., Elsevier) · 核验依据 3 ISBN 978-1-319-45541-5 (8th ed., Macmillan Learning)
#心脏 #腔室 #循环