米尔格拉姆服从实验（Milgram）发现了什么？
What did Milgram's obedience experiment find?
米尔格拉姆让被试在“权威”指令下对他人施加逐步增强的电击（实为假装），结果多数人会服从到危险电压。它揭示普通人在权威合法化下可能做出伤害行为，情境力量强于性格预设。该实验因伦理问题成为研究规范的转折点。
Milgram had subjects administer what they thought were rising electric shocks to others under an authority's orders; most obeyed to dangerous levels. It shows ordinary people can harm under legitimized authority, with situation outweighing disposition. Its ethics sparked a turning point in research rules.
难度 专业 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
戴维·迈尔斯,《社会心理学》第11版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
D. Myers, Social Psychology, 11th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL14859352W：Social psychology（按标题+
#米尔格拉姆 #服从 #权威
阿希从众实验（Asch experiment）说明了什么？
What does Asch's conformity experiment show?
阿希让被试在群体明显错误答案包围下判断线段长短，约三分之一的试验里人会附和错误多数。即使任务简单，群体压力仍让人怀疑自己的眼睛。它证明规范性从众在清晰事实面前也能发生。
Asch had subjects judge line lengths while surrounded by a group giving obviously wrong answers; about a third of trials people conformed to the false majority. Even on a simple task, group pressure made them doubt their eyes. It proves normative conformity occurs even with clear facts.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
戴维·迈尔斯,《社会心理学》第11版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
D. Myers, Social Psychology, 11th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL14859352W：Social psychology（按标题+
#阿希 #从众 #群体压力
从众（conformity）可分为哪两种类型？
What are the two types of conformity?
从众分规范性从众与信息性从众：前者为被接纳、避免排斥而附和群体，后者因相信群体更懂而接受其判断。两者都让人改变行为或看法，但动机不同。理解类型有助于区分“想合群”与“以为你对”。
Conformity splits into normative and informational: normative to be accepted and avoid rejection, informational to accept the group's view as more correct. Both change behavior or belief but for different motives. The types distinguish wanting to fit in from thinking the group is right.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
戴维·迈尔斯,《社会心理学》第11版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
D. Myers, Social Psychology, 11th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL14859352W：Social psychology（按标题+
#从众 #规范性 #信息性