婴儿为什么偏爱“对称、平均”的脸？
Why do infants prefer symmetric, average faces?
新生儿会多看对称、接近群体平均的脸，这被认为是进化出的健康线索偏好——对称与平均常指示低寄生虫负荷与良好发育。该偏好先于文化学习，支持审美偏好的生物基础。
Newborns look longer at symmetric, average faces, seen as an evolved preference for health cues—symmetry and averageness often signal low parasite load and good development. This preference precedes cultural learning, supporting biological bases of aesthetic taste.
难度 专业 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#面孔偏好 #对称 #吸引
择偶中的“亲代投资理论”讲了什么？
What does parental investment theory say about mate choice?
由于雌性在妊娠哺乳上投入更大，进化使两性在择偶策略上分化：投入高的一方更挑剔，投入低的一方更竞争。它解释了许多跨文化的择偶偏好差异，但也需结合文化与个体差异看待。
Because females invest more in pregnancy and nursing, evolution splits strategies: the higher-investing sex is choosier, the lower more competitive. It explains many cross-cultural mating preferences, though culture and individual differences matter too.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#择偶 #亲代投资 #性别
“互惠利他”怎么解释人为什么帮陌生人？
How does reciprocal altruism explain helping strangers?
若未来可能再次相遇或声誉可传播，今天助人能在长期换来回报，哪怕非血亲。这种“你帮我、我帮你”的机制靠记忆、声誉与公平感维系，是合作进化的基石之一。
If future encounters or reputation are likely, helping today can pay off later even without kinship. This 'you help me, I help you' mechanism, sustained by memory, reputation and fairness, is a cornerstone of the evolution of cooperation.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#互惠 #利他 #合作
进化心理学的方法论为什么常被批评？
Why is evolutionary psychology's methodology often criticized?
核心批评是“事后讲故事”：用现代现象反推远古适应，难以证伪且易忽略文化与生态变量。谨慎的做法是提出可检验预测并结合多物种、多文化比较，而非把一切行为都归因于基因。
The main critique is 'just-so storytelling': inferring ancient adaptations from modern traits, hard to falsify and overlooking culture and ecology. The careful approach poses testable predictions and uses cross-species, cross-cultural comparison rather than attributing everything to genes.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#方法论 #可证伪 #批评
“干净”和“道德”真的有关联吗？具身道德是什么？
Are 'clean' and 'moral' really linked? What is embodied morality?
具身认知研究发现，身体洁净体验会降低道德严厉判断（洗去罪感），而想到不道德事会增加想清洁的冲动。说明道德概念部分建立在身体经验隐喻之上，而非纯抽象推理。
Embodied cognition finds physical cleanliness softens moral judgment (washing away guilt) and immoral thoughts raise the urge to clean. Moral concepts are partly built on bodily metaphors, not purely abstract reasoning.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#具身 #道德 #隐喻
为什么很多人天生更怕蛇和蜘蛛，而不是插座？
Why are many people innately more afraid of snakes and spiders than of sockets?
对蛇、蜘蛛、高度的恐惧有进化准备性：远古环境中这些是真实威胁，人类进化出快速习得该类恐惧的倾向。现代危险（电、车）出现太晚，尚未写进我们的“恐惧预设”。
Fear of snakes, spiders and heights is evolutionarily prepared: they were real threats in ancestral environments, so we evolved a readiness to learn such fears fast. Modern dangers (electricity, cars) appeared too recently to be baked into our fear priors.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#进化 #恐惧 #准备性