什么是述情障碍（alexithymia）？
What is alexithymia?
述情障碍指难以识别、区分和用语言描述自己的情绪，常伴外化思维与缺乏幻想。它并非单一疾病，而是一种跨诊断的特质，与抑郁、创伤后应激等相关。提升情绪觉察的训练可部分改善。
Alexithymia is difficulty identifying, distinguishing, and putting feelings into words, often with externally oriented thinking and few fantasies. It is not one disease but a trait across diagnoses, linked to depression and PTSD. Training in emotion awareness can partly help.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#述情障碍 #情绪 #人格特质
什么是马基雅维利主义（Machiavellianism）？
What is Machiavellianism?
马基雅维利主义指一种策略性、工具性的人际操纵倾向：为达目的灵活变通、冷淡算计、不介意利用他人。它与自恋、精神病态共同构成暗黑三联征。适度时表现为务实，过度则损害信任与合作。
Machiavellianism is a strategic, instrumental tendency to manipulate: flexible, coolly calculative, and willing to use others for goals. With narcissism and psychopathy it forms the dark triad. In moderation it is pragmatic; in excess it harms trust and cooperation.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#马基雅维利主义 #操纵 #人格
大五人格（Big Five）包含哪五个维度？
What are the five dimensions of the Big Five personality traits?
大五人格用五个维度描述个体差异：开放性（Openness）、尽责性（Conscientiousness）、外倾性（Extraversion）、宜人性（Agreeableness）与神经质（Neuroticism），可记为 OCEAN。每个维度是连续谱系而非非此即彼。它是当今最广泛接受的人格描述框架。
The Big Five describes individual differences on five dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism, remembered as OCEAN. Each is a continuum, not either-or. It is the most widely accepted framework for describing personality today.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#大五人格 #人格特质 #OCEAN
心理学怎么区分内向与外向？
How does psychology distinguish introversion from extraversion?
外倾者从外部交往与刺激中获得能量，内向者则在独处与内省中恢复精力，二者是能量来源的差异而非社交能力高低。荣格最早提出这一维度，后被纳入大五人格。大多人落在两端之间的谱系上。
Extraverts gain energy from external interaction and stimulation, while introverts recharge through solitude and reflection; it is a difference in energy source, not social skill. Jung proposed the dimension, later included in the Big Five. Most people fall along the spectrum between the ends.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Richard Gerrig Philip Zimbardo,《心理学与生活》第19版中译,人民邮电出版社,2016
R. J. Gerrig and P. G. Zimbardo, Psychology and Life, 19th ed., Chinese ed., Posts & Telecom Press, 2016
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL23493W：Psychology and life（按标题+作
#内向 #外向 #人格维度