“长寿风险”是什么意思？
What does "longevity risk" mean?
长寿风险指人比预期活得更久，导致退休储蓄和年金不足以支撑的风险；对家庭是耗尽积蓄，对保险公司与社保则是给付超预期，需更谨慎的精算与储备。
Longevity risk is outliving expected lifespan so savings and annuities fall short—depleting household funds and forcing insurers and social security to pay longer, calling for prudent actuarial reserves.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
John Weeks,《Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues》Cengage 多版
J. R. Weeks, Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, Cengage, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ARCHIVE 标识 populationintrod0000week_o0n4：Population : an
#长寿风险 #年金
老龄化对养老金体系有什么压力？
What pressure does aging put on pension systems?
退休者增多、缴费者相对减少，使现收现付式养老金的抚养比恶化，收支缺口扩大，可能需要提高缴费、延迟退休或增加财政补贴。
More retirees and fewer contributors worsen the support ratio of pay-as-you-go pensions, widening deficits—possibly requiring higher contributions, later retirement, or more fiscal subsidy.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
John Weeks,《Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues》Cengage 多版
J. R. Weeks, Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, Cengage, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ARCHIVE 标识 populationintrod0000week_o0n4：Population : an
#养老金 #抚养比
什么是“人口老龄化”？
What is "population aging"?
人口老龄化指老年人口比重上升、整体年龄变大的过程，主要由生育率下降和寿命延长共同推动。
Population aging is the rising share of older people and a graying population, driven mainly by falling fertility and longer lifespans.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
John Weeks,《Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues》Cengage 多版
J. R. Weeks, Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, Cengage, various editions
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 ARCHIVE 标识 populationintrod0000week_o0n4：Population : an
#老龄化 #寿命