家务分工的性别差异通常被怎样解释？
How is the gender divide in household labor usually explained?
解释包括传统性别规范把照护归为女性责任、劳动力市场中的性别不平等使女性“时间更便宜”、以及制度（如育假、托幼）配套不足，三者相互强化。
Explanations include norms assigning care to women, labor-market inequality making women's time “cheaper,” and weak institutions (parental leave, childcare)—which reinforce one another.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Anthony Giddens,《Sociology》Polity Press 多版;中译《社会学》北京大学出版社
A. Giddens, Sociology, Polity Press, various editions; Chinese ed. Peking University Press
#家务 #性别规范
什么是“性别工资差距”？
What is the "gender wage gap"?
性别工资差距指平均而言女性收入低于男性，常用同龄同岗或全样本的比值衡量；成因包括职业隔离、工时、育儿负担与歧视等多重因素。
The gender wage gap is women's lower average earnings versus men's, measured overall or by role; causes include occupational segregation, hours, caregiving burdens, and discrimination.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Anthony Giddens,《Sociology》Polity Press 多版;中译《社会学》北京大学出版社
A. Giddens, Sociology, Polity Press, various editions; Chinese ed. Peking University Press
#工资差距 #职业隔离
社会学如何区分“生理性别”与“社会性别”？
How does sociology distinguish "sex" from "gender"?
生理性别指由生物特征决定的男女分类；社会性别指社会文化赋予的角色、期待与行为规范，是可变的、由后天建构的。
Sex refers to biologically based male/female categories; gender refers to the roles, expectations, and norms a culture assigns, which are variable and socially constructed.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Anthony Giddens,《Sociology》Polity Press 多版;中译《社会学》北京大学出版社
A. Giddens, Sociology, Polity Press, various editions; Chinese ed. Peking University Press
#性别 #社会建构