国际组织的“软法”有什么作用？
What role does "soft law" play for international organizations?
软法指不具强制约束的宣言、准则与建议，虽难强制，却能塑造预期、建立规范、为日后硬法铺路，并在无主权让渡的情况下推动合作。
Soft law—non-binding declarations, guidelines, recommendations—lacks enforcement but shapes expectations, builds norms, paves the way for later treaties, and fosters cooperation without ceding sovereignty.
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Anthony Giddens,《Sociology》Polity Press 多版;中译《社会学》北京大学出版社
A. Giddens, Sociology, Polity Press, various editions; Chinese ed. Peking University Press
#软法 #规范
联合国安理会“常任理事国否决权”是什么？
What is the UN Security Council "permanent-member veto"?
五个常任理事国（中、法、俄、英、美）对重大决议可一票否决，使安理会行动需大国一致；这保障了大国参与，也常被批评阻碍及时干预。
The five permanent members (China, France, Russia, the UK, US) can veto substantive resolutions, so Council action needs great-power consensus; this secures their buy-in but is criticized for blocking timely action.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Anthony Giddens,《Sociology》Polity Press 多版;中译《社会学》北京大学出版社
A. Giddens, Sociology, Polity Press, various editions; Chinese ed. Peking University Press
#安理会 #否决权
什么是“国际组织”？
What is an "international organization"?
国际组织是由多个国家政府（或成员）依条约成立的常设机构，如联合国、世界卫生组织，用来协调跨国事务。
An international organization is a permanent body established by treaty among states—like the UN or WHO—to coordinate cross-border affairs.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
Anthony Giddens,《Sociology》Polity Press 多版;中译《社会学》北京大学出版社
A. Giddens, Sociology, Polity Press, various editions; Chinese ed. Peking University Press
#国际组织 #条约