“抽样误差”和“样本偏差”是一回事吗？
Are "sampling error" and "sample bias" the same thing?
不是。抽样误差是随机抽样的固有波动，可随样本增大而减小；样本偏差来自选样方式系统性偏向某群体，不会随样本变大消失，会导致结论整体偏斜。
No. Sampling error is the natural fluctuation of random sampling, shrinking with size; sample bias comes from systematically favoring some groups in selection and won't vanish with size—it skews conclusions.
难度 专业 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
UN DESA,《Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses Rev.3》,2017
UN DESA, Census Principles and Recommendations Rev.3, 2017
#抽样误差 #偏差
“随机抽样”和“方便抽样”有什么不同？
How do "random sampling" and "convenience sampling" differ?
随机抽样让每个对象有已知且非零的入选机会，结果可推广；方便抽样只找容易接触的人（如街头路人），便宜但容易偏差、难代表总体。
Random sampling gives every unit a known, non-zero chance, so results generalize; convenience sampling grabs easy-to-reach people (e.g., passersby)—cheap but biased and unrepresentative.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
UN DESA,《Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses Rev.3》,2017
UN DESA, Census Principles and Recommendations Rev.3, 2017
#随机抽样 #代表性
社会调查为什么需要“抽样”？
Why do social surveys need "sampling"?
调查全体人口成本高、耗时长，抽样通过研究有代表性的小部分来推断整体，既省钱又能得到可信结论。
Surveying everyone is costly and slow; sampling studies a representative subset to infer the whole—saving money while yielding credible conclusions.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
UN DESA,《Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses Rev.3》,2017
UN DESA, Census Principles and Recommendations Rev.3, 2017
#抽样 #推断