教育扩张一定会提升社会流动吗？
Does educational expansion necessarily increase social mobility?
不一定。扩招提高整体学历，但当高学历变普遍，其“信号”贬值，优势阶层更能把新文凭转化为岗位，弱势者未必获益，甚至加剧“学历通胀”下的相对劣势。
Not necessarily. Expansion raises average credentials, but as degrees become common their signal weakens; advantaged groups convert new credentials into jobs more easily, while the disadvantaged may face worsening relative standing via “credential inflation.”
难度 专业 · 适合 高中(15-18)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Peter Blau & Otis Dudley Duncan,《The American Occupational Structure》Wiley,1967
P. M. Blau and O. D. Duncan, The American Occupational Structure, Wiley, 1967
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL3336611W：The American occupation
#学历通胀 #机会
什么是“玻璃天花板”？
What is the "glass ceiling"?
玻璃天花板指某些群体（常指女性或少数族裔）在职业晋升到高层时遇到的隐形障碍，看似可破却难以逾越，反映结构性的机会不均。
The glass ceiling is the invisible barrier some groups (often women or minorities) hit near top jobs—seemingly breakable yet hard to cross—reflecting structural inequality of opportunity.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-03
来源 · Source
Crenshaw，《取消种族与性别的边缘化》(1989)
Crenshaw, 'Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex' (1989)
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL43464442W：Demarginalizing the In
#玻璃天花板 #晋升
“代内流动”和“代际流动”有何区别？
How do "intra-generational" and "intergenerational" mobility differ?
代内流动是一个人一生中地位的变化（如跳槽升职）；代际流动是子女相对父母地位的变化（如是否比父辈更富裕）。两者衡量流动的不同维度。
Intra-generational mobility is a person's change over their own life (e.g., promotion); intergenerational mobility is children's status versus parents' (e.g., richer than one's parents). They measure different dimensions.
难度 进阶 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Peter Blau & Otis Dudley Duncan,《The American Occupational Structure》Wiley,1967
P. M. Blau and O. D. Duncan, The American Occupational Structure, Wiley, 1967
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL3336611W：The American occupation
#代内 #代际
什么是“社会流动”？
What is "social mobility"?
社会流动指人在社会地位、收入或职业层级上的上升或下降，比如从工人家庭的孩子成为医生。
Social mobility is movement up or down in social status, income, or occupation—e.g., a worker's child becoming a doctor.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Peter Blau & Otis Dudley Duncan,《The American Occupational Structure》Wiley,1967
P. M. Blau and O. D. Duncan, The American Occupational Structure, Wiley, 1967
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL3336611W：The American occupation
#社会流动 #地位