为什么问卷措辞会影响回答（框架效应）？
Why does questionnaire wording affect answers (framing effect)?
同一事实以不同方式表述（如“存活率”vs“死亡率”）会改变选择，框架效应揭示偏好并非稳定，对调查与政策沟通设计至关重要。
The same fact framed differently (survival vs mortality rate) shifts choices; framing reveals unstable preferences, crucial for survey and policy design.
难度 进阶 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
UN DESA,《Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses Rev.3》,2017
UN DESA, Census Principles and Recommendations Rev.3, 2017
#框架效应 #问卷 #偏好
什么是“抽样误差”与“非抽样误差”？
What are “sampling error” and “non-sampling error”?
抽样误差来自仅调查部分总体且随机波动；非抽样误差来自无应答、问卷设计与测量偏差，后者常比前者更难控制且更隐蔽。
Sampling error comes from surveying a subset with random variation; non-sampling error from nonresponse, design, and measurement bias—often harder to control and subtler.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
UN DESA,《Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses Rev.3》,2017
UN DESA, Census Principles and Recommendations Rev.3, 2017
#抽样误差 #调查 #偏差
为什么调查要问很多人而不是一个人？
Why do surveys ask many people rather than one?
只问一个人意见太片面。调查随机抽取足够多的人，能让结果更接近整体真实想法，误差也可被估计。
Asking one person is too narrow. Surveys randomly sample enough people to approximate the whole population, with estimable error.
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23
来源 · Source
UN DESA,《Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses Rev.3》,2017
UN DESA, Census Principles and Recommendations Rev.3, 2017
#调查 #抽样 #代表性