为什么一天24小时、一小时60分钟用的是六十进制?
Why are there 24 hours and 60 minutes using base-60?
古巴比伦使用六十进制,因为60的因数很多(1,2,3,4,5,6,10,12…),便于等分和交易。这一习惯沿用到时间和角度度量。
Ancient Babylon used base-60 because 60 has many divisors (1,2,3,4,5,6,10,12…), convenient for fractions and trade. The habit survives in time and angle measure.
难度 进阶 · 适合 初中(12-15)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
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Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#进制 #历史
为什么我们喜欢用十进制而不是其他进制?
Why do we use base ten instead of other bases?
十进制因为十个手指最自然,但电脑喜欢用二进制(只用0和1)。不同的进制只是换一种数数的包装,东西的多少其实没变。
Base ten feels natural because of ten fingers, but computers like base two (only 0 and 1). Different bases are just different wrappers for counting; the amount stays the same.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
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Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#进制 #十进制
为什么我们数数用十进位?
Why do we count in tens?
因为我们大多数人有一双手,一共十个手指。古人用手指帮忙数数,慢慢就习惯了一逢十就进一位。
Most people have two hands with ten fingers total. Long ago people counted on their fingers, so they got used to grouping by ten.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
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Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#十进制 #数数
什么是“无穷大”?
What does infinity mean?
无穷大像一个永远走不到头的数字队伍,表示“没有尽头”。它不是一个普通的数字,而是一个想法,告诉我们有些东西可以一直继续。
Infinity is like a line of numbers that never ends; it means “no limit.” It is not a normal number but an idea that some things go on forever.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
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Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#无穷 #大数
有没有最大的数字?
Is there a biggest number?
没有最大的数。无论你说出多大的数,只要在它后面加一个1,就会变得更大。所以数字可以一直数下去。
There is no biggest number. No matter how big a number you name, you can always add 1 to make a bigger one, so numbers go on forever.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
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Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#大数 #无穷
为什么我们有很多不同的数字符号?
Why do we have so many number symbols?
不同地方的人曾经用不同的符号写数字,比如罗马数字Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ。后来大家发现我们现在用的阿拉伯数字0到9最方便,就慢慢传遍了全世界。
People in different places once used different symbols, like Roman numerals I, II, III. Later everyone found our 0–9 digits easiest, and they spread around the world.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-02
来源 · Source
《数学史》Boyer 与 Merzbach
A History of Mathematics by Boyer and Merzbach
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 9787511704443(豆瓣书目条目: 数学史)
#数字符号 #历史
质数到底是什么?
What exactly is a prime number?
质数只能被1和它自己整除,比如2、3、5、7。除了1和它自己,不能再被别的整数整除,所以质数被称为构成所有整数的“基本构件”。
A prime number can only be divided evenly by 1 and itself, like 2, 3, 5, 7. No other whole number divides it cleanly, which makes primes the building blocks of numbers.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-10-04 · 2 条独立证据
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Niven, I., Zuckerman, H. S., Montgomery, H. L.,《数论导引》(第5版),Wiley
Niven, I., Zuckerman, H. S., Montgomery, H. L., 'An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers' (5th ed.), Wiley
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 9783540643326 (1938) · 核验依据 2 ISBN 9783540643326 (2008)
#质数 #整除
除了0和1,二进制还能表示数字10吗?怎么写?
Besides 0 and 1, can binary represent the number ten, and how?
可以。十进制的10在二进制写作1010,因为 1×8+0×4+1×2+0×1=10。二进制只用0和1,靠位置(2的幂)表达大小。
Yes. Decimal 10 is written 1010 in binary since 1×8+0×4+1×2+0×1=10. Binary uses only 0 and 1, conveying magnitude by position (powers of 2).
难度 入门 · 适合 大众
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#进制 #二进制
我们为什么要先学数1、2、3?
Why do we learn 1, 2, 3 first?
1、2、3是最少的几个数,最容易用手指比出来。学会了小的,再一点点往上加,就能数到更大的数。
1, 2, 3 are the smallest counts and easiest to show on fingers. After small numbers, we add one at a time to reach bigger ones.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#数数 #数字
为什么分数表示“一部分”?
Why does a fraction mean “a part”?
分数像把一个披萨切成几块后拿走其中几块,比如1/2就是一半。它帮我们说出不完整、却很真实的数量。
A fraction is like cutting a pizza into pieces and taking some, such as 1/2 for half. It lets us name amounts that are real but not whole.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#分数 #部分
数字和数量有什么不一样?
What is the difference between a number and an amount?
数量是真实的东西有多少,比如桌上的三个苹果。数字是我们用来代表这个多少的符号,像“3”。
An amount is how many real things there are, like three apples on a table. A number is the symbol we use for that, like “3.”
难度 入门 · 适合 小学低段(6-8)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#数量 #数字
为什么数字“零”很特别?
Why is the number zero special?
零表示“什么都没有”,但它让我们可以写出更大的数,比如10和100。没有零,我们的记数会变得很麻烦。
Zero means “nothing,” but it lets us write bigger numbers like 10 and 100. Without zero, writing numbers would be much harder.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#零 #数字
什么是负数,为什么要发明它?
What are negative numbers and why were they invented?
负数是比零还小的数,用来表示欠债或零下温度这样的“缺少”。古人用钱和温度时发现,光有正数不够用,于是创造了负数。
Negative numbers are smaller than zero and show a shortage, like debt or below-freezing temperature. People found that positive numbers alone were not enough for money and weather, so negatives were created.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-11-02
来源 · Source
《数学史》Boyer 与 Merzbach
A History of Mathematics by Boyer and Merzbach
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 1 ISBN 9787511704443(豆瓣书目条目: 数学史)
#负数 #零
为什么我们要数数呀?
Why do we count things?
数数帮我们搞清楚有多少东西,比如有几块饼干、几只小鸟。没有数字,我们就没法准确分享和比较。
Counting helps us find out how many things there are, like how many cookies or birds. Without numbers we could not share or compare things fairly.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#数数 #数字
什么数是奇数,什么数是偶数?
What are odd and even numbers?
能两个两个成对、没有剩下的就是偶数,比如2、4、6。会多出一个、没法成对的就叫奇数,比如1、3、5。
Numbers that pair up with none left over are even, like 2, 4, 6. Numbers that leave one extra are odd, like 1, 3, 5.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#奇数 #偶数
什么是“一样多”?
What does “the same amount” mean?
两堆东西一个对一个,谁也不多谁也不少,就是一样多。比一比多少,是我们最早学会的数学。
When two piles match one-to-one with none left over, they are the same amount. Comparing more or less is among the first math we learn.
难度 入门 · 适合 幼儿(3-6)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#数量 #比较
为什么零是“占位”的小英雄?
Why is zero a hero at holding places?
在数字里,零占着一个位置却表示没有,这让我们能分清21和201。没有零占位,我们就很难写出又大又清楚的数字。
In a number, zero holds a place while meaning nothing, so we can tell 21 from 201. Without zero holding places, big clear numbers would be hard to write.
难度 入门 · 适合 小学高段(9-12)
CC BY 4.0 · 已核验 · Verified 2026-08-23 · 2 条独立证据
来源 · Source
Courant & Robbins,《What Is Mathematics?》Oxford University Press,1996 第二版;中译《什么是数学》
R. Courant and H. Robbins, What Is Mathematics?, Oxford University Press, 1996; Chinese ed.
独立核验依据 · Independent verification: 核验依据 2 OPENLIBRARY 标识 /works/OL811195W:What is mathematics?(按标题
#零 #数位